Project
Institute of Hydrology
International Projects
IHP-IX Danube - IHP-IX Regional cooperation of the Danube countries
IHP-IX Regionálna spolupráca podunajských krajín
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2029 |
| Evidence number: | IHP-IX Danube |
| Program: | UNESCO |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Miklánek Pavol CSc. |
| Annotation: | Anotácia (EN) In 1971, the hydrologists of 8 Danube Countries launched on a voluntary basis a regional hydrological cooperation aiming to produce consistent hydrological information about the whole Danube Catchment with an area of 817,000 km². Since 1987, this cooperation has been carried out in the framework of the International Hydrological Programme (IHP) of UNESCO, so far under the coordination of the IHP National Committees of Germany, Austria, Slovakia and Hungary. The cooperation of the Danube countries within framework of the IHP of UNESCO is based on the one hand on project work and on the other on regular conferences. The aim of the conferences is to serve as a forum for discussion and exchange of views among the specialists involved. |
WATSON - Water isotopes in the critical zone: from groundwater recharge to plant transpiration
Izotopy vody v kritickej zóne: od dopĺňania zásob podzemnej vody po transpiráciu rastlín
| Duration: | 24. 9. 2020 - 23. 9. 2024 |
| Evidence number: | CA19120 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Holko Ladislav PhD. |
| Annotation: | Understanding water exchange within the critical zone, i.e.the dynamic skin of the Earth that extends from vegetation canopy to groundwater, is vital for addressing key environmental problems linked to the sustainable management of water resources. The main aim of WATSON is to collect, integrate, and synthesize current interdisciplinary scientific knowledge on the partitioning and mixing of water in the critical zone taking advantage of the unique tracing capability of water isotopes. These efforts will allow going beyond the current fragmented knowledge providing a novel conceptual framework on the interactions between groundwater recharge, soil water storage, and vegetation transpiration useful for water resources management across a variety of climatic settings. The Action activities are based on a network of early career and senior scientists from different complementary disciplines who are experts in the use of water isotopes, and stakeholders from governmental agencies and private companies from 19 COST countries and one Near Neighbour Country. The ultimate goal of the network is to build capacity in the use of robust isotope approaches for water resource management. |
WATSIM - Water temperature simulation during summer low flow conditions in the Danube basin
Simulácia teploty vody v tokoch v povodí rieky Dunaj počas letných nízkych prietokov
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | No. 4.1.2 |
| Program: | UNESCO |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Pekárová Pavla DrSc. |
| Annotation: | The proposed project is oriented on long-term variability and long-term trends of water temperature of selected rivers in different regions of Danube basin (high mountains, highlands, lowlands) and along the Danube River. Multiple regression technique will be used for analysis of relations between water temperature and influencing factors (low and high discharge conditions, increasing atmospheric temperature, anthropogenic activity in basin, etc.). The multiregresion simulation and stochastic forecasting models (Box Jenkins models, ARIMA, SARIMA) of water temperature will be developed for selected rivers. These models will be used for simulation of the water temperature of selected rivers according to different discharge, and air temperature scenarios. One of the expected results is the scientific base for method of water quality classification according the water temperature of water bodies in Danube basin for implementation of WFD 2000/60/EC. The results of the project will be summarized in common monograph of the project team. |
Impact of willow biochar application on hydro–physical and physicochemical properties of the silt loam soil
Vplyv aplikácie biouhlia vyrobeného z vŕby na hydro–fyzikálne a fyzikálno–chemické vlastnosti prachovitohlinitej pôdy
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Evidence number: | PAS-SAS-2022-05 |
| Program: | Mobility |
| Project leader: | Ing. Toková Lucia PhD. |
| Annotation: | Adverse changes in the agroecosystems are related to the progressive degradation of soils, the intensifying effects of climate change, and the excessive use of mineral fertilizers. One of the proposed solutions for soil quality protection is biochar obtained in the pyrolysis process of plant biomass. However, there is a need for a thorough and consistent characterization of biochar used and the effects of their agricultural management. The main goal of the cooperation is to investigate the effect of biochar' application on physicochemical and hydro-physical properties of silty loam soil. We hypothesize that the use of biochar will affect changes in retention, water transport, porosity, and stability of aggregates. We also assume that the observed changes will depend on the type, concentration, and size of the biochar fraction. |
Mitigating the effects of climate change on the different land use sectors in river basins in Georgia
Zmiernenie dôsledkov klimatickej zmeny v rôznych sektoroch využívania krajiny v povodiach riek v Gruzínsku
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Evidence number: | Open-Mob-2022-04 |
| Program: | Open Mobility |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Rončák Peter PhD. |
| Annotation: | Climate change in the South Caucasus countries is clearly evident. Recent research confirms that average annual air temperatures are steadily increasing and extreme weather events, such as storms and heatwaves, have been intensifying over the last few decades. Georgia is prone to a range of hazards such as landslides, floods, hydrological and soil drought, which are exacerbated by climate change, and which result in serious damage to infrastructure, casualties and economic losses. The main goal of the project is to contribute to increasing sustainability and improving conditions in water management, forestry and agriculture by proposing adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of climate change. This research will be carried out in less developed areas in terms of adaptation and climate change mitigation. The result will be, in cooperation with a NEA partner, a proposal for measures to address climate change mitigation for water management, forestry and agriculture. |
National Projects
BCsoil - Biochar as a soil additive for sustainable agriculture in conditions of climate change
Biouhlie ako pôdne aditívum pre trvaloudržateľné poľnohospodárstvo v podmienkach klimatickej zmeny
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026 |
| Evidence number: | APVV-21-0089 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Šurda Peter PhD. |
| Annotation: | To reach effective and sustainable soil management, we need to set up correct priorities in evaluating soil properties understand the causes of decreasing or low soil fertility and establish the strategies for soil fertility improvements. The Terra Preta de Índio phenomenon has become the main inspiration of many scientists during the last two decades or so, with the main focus of their research on the role of biochar in the amelioration of soil properties and the question whether the effect observed in Amazonia can be replicated in other areas of the world. The actuality of the submitted project consists in shifting the boundaries of knowledge about the long-term impact of biochar application to soil in the Slovak Republic. Biochar is currently part of the new European Fertilizer Directive (Annex A). However, such legislation is missing in Slovakia, as well as continuous long-term research of its application to soil. The main aim of this project is a complex long-term research of the biochar application to soil at the conditions of a field experiment (including also regional modeling studies) and subsequently the transfer of results into practice through two cooperating companies. The research team of the proposed project has a field experiment where the effect of biochar (meeting all environmental standards of European Biochar Certificate-EBC) on soil is studied at field site Malanta (Nitra). This experiment was established in 2014 and is still ongoing, therefore when containing, it will represent a character of long-term research. These results will be then the basis for the production of biochar (EBC) and substrates containing biochar for the partner companies. Subsequently, biochar (and substrates) produced by these companies will be tested by the project team at the field conditions. The final application result of the project partners (companies) will be the subsequent introduction of certified biochar (and substrates) on the market in Slovakia. |
Comprehensive analysis of the quantity and quality of water regime development in streams and their mutual dependence in selected Slovak basins
Komplexná analýza vývoja režimu kvantity a kvality vody v tokoch a ich vzájomného vzťahu vo vybraných povodiach Slovenska
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0015/23 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Bačová Mitková Veronika PhD. |
| Annotation: | Climate change and anthropogenic activity affect the components of the hydrological regime of the stream with a possible negative impact on water quantity and quality. It is necessary to know and analyse changes and the mutual dependence of the quantitative characteristics and water quality indicators. This knowledge enables prevention and response to a crisis phenomenon, which helps quickly and correctly eliminate its consequences. The presented project aims to provide scientific data for evaluating the impact of possible changes in the runoff regime and water quality in streams of selected Slovak basins with respect to extreme hydrological situations. We will seek answers related to the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activity on quantitative and qualitative conditions and their consequences by using appropriate scientific and mathematical methods. These can provide a base for the mitigation of hydrological extremes. The archival data and data from our experimental measurements will be used. |
CONTROL - Connectivity and flood runoff dynamics in headwater catchments of Slovakia
Konektivita a dynamika tvorby povodňového odtoku vo vrcholových povodiach Slovenska
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Evidence number: | APVV-19-0340 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Holko Ladislav PhD. |
| Annotation: | Hydrological connectivity of subsurface and surface storages or different catchment elements within a landscape is a crucial factor in the complex process of flood flow generation on hillslopes. The project aims to develop modelling systems, which respects observed connectivity patterns based on experimental monitoring of runoff generation in pilot headwater catchments in four typical forested and agricultural hydrological environments. Instead of building complex representations of structural connectivity elements in 3D as in conventional distributed models, innovative hybrid distributed conceptual modelling representations of the governing processes and controls will be sought. Typical patterns of the observed dynamics of processes will be conceptually represented in a two-level distributed modelling framework. At the first level of spatial variability, based on the monitored processes, observed source areas and connectivity patterns, the hydrological response unit (HRU) concept will be used with spatially homogeneous parameterization, which will be allowed to change in time. To respect the spatial variability of state of the catchment, within these units, grid-based conceptual models will be driven by spatially distributed inputs. |
KVANPROC - Quantification of Interaction Processes in Hydrological Cycle in Lowland area conditions
Kvantifikácia interakčných procesov v hydrologickom cykle v podmienkach nížinného územia
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0044/20 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Gomboš Milan CSc. |
| Annotation: | From a systemic point of view, the hydrological cycle is understood as a rugged unit composed of several parts between which there are bonds. This system consists of an open physical system that can be divided into atmosphere (A) - plant cover (PC) - unsaturated zone (UZ) - groundwater (GW). Interaction processes take place between individual subsystems. The size and intensity of interactions depend on the geographic, geophysical and climatic conditions of the area. The fundamental importance of knowledge of the interaction processes is, above all, that transport of mass, energy and biomass are realized there. It is a fundamental basis for adaptation arrangements. The aim of the project is to quantify interaction processes in various time scales. Temporal development and mutual links along the vertical of the systém will be examined. The research will be carried out in the environment of the East Slovak Lowland (ESL). Lysimetric research, numerical simulation and monitoring methods will be applied. |
Prediction of a point pollution source position in a watercourse network – a hydrodynamic approach
Predikcia miesta zdroja bodového znečistenia v sieti vodných tokov – hydrodynamický prístup
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0085/20 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Velísková Yvetta PhD. |
| Annotation: | The aim of the project is to design and develop a methodology and computational tool for predicting the position of point pollution source in the watercourse network based on the pollutant concentration time course in the monitored watercourse profile (inverse task). This task will be solved in real water flow conditions with free surface flow and will be generally applicable in a branched network, i.e. in a river, canal or sewer network. The practical solution of the given inverse task can be helpful in water management practice, i.e. it helps to identify sources of illegal discharges of hazardous substances (or unannounced accidents). The project will also include optimization of computational procedures, sensitivity analysis and verification of results of pollution source locality prediction based on experimental measurements in real watercourse network conditions, canal or sewer networks. |
DETECTIVES - Regional detection, attribution and projection of impacts of climate variability and climate change on runoff regimes in Slovakia
Regionálna detekcia, atribúcia a projekcia dopadov variability klímy a klimatickej zmeny na režim odtoku na Slovensku
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Evidence number: | APVV-20-0374 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Pekárová Pavla DrSc. |
| Annotation: | Rich physiographic conditions in Slovakia result in regionally different runoff regimes driven by climate variability and impacted by climatic and socioeconomic changes in the recent past. The first scientific goal of project is therefore to develop and apply a set of approaches for the detection and attribution changes in the past hydrological regime with annual, monthly and daily temporal resolution. Detection will be based on new methods going beyond standard statistics (trend and breakpoint analysis, correlation analysis, etc.) using approaches such as nonlinear time series models and copula function based dependence structures. Attribution with the use of rainfall runoff modelling will attempt to distinguish anthropogenic factors (as land-use change) and signals of a changing climate. Recent climate change projections in Slovakia do not allow for a comprehensive assessment of impacts on the water regime. The second goal is to develop new projections of future climate and hydrology including uncertainty assessment with the aim to gain new insights into the uncertainties of future regime changes in hydrometeorological processes in Slovakia. Comparison of regime changes from the instrumental period and the projections will serve adaptation measures in water management. |
| Project web page: | pavla.pekarova.sk |
DRIWADIR - Technological Methods for Removal of Endocrine Disruptors and Elimination of Cyanobacteria Occurrence and Their Undesirable Effects in Water Sources to Ensure Drinking Water Quality according to the Increasing Demands of New EU Drinking Water Directive
Technologické postupy na odstránenie endokrinných disruptorov a elimináciu výskytu siníc a ich nežiaducich účinkov vo vodárenských zdrojoch pre zabezpečenie kvality pitnej vody podľa zvyšujúcich sa nárokov novej smernice EÚ pre pitnú vodu
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027 |
| Evidence number: | APVV-22-0610 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Velísková Yvetta PhD. |
| Annotation: | The goal of the project is to monitor the occurrence of endocrine disruptors, cyanobacteria and microplastics in water sources and to verify the possibilities of their removal. The selection of microcontaminants is based on the new parameters in the approved EU Directive no. 2020/2184 for drinking water, which entered into force in January 2021. Within the project, various methods of removing selected endocrine disruptors, cyanobacteria and microplastics from water will be tested. In the case of endocrine disruptors of ozone, UV radiation followed by adsorption on granulated activated carbon, adsorption on activated carbon, membrane technologies and conventional water treatment with coagulation. In the case of cyanobacteria, also ultrasound at different frequencies, microsieves in conjunction with UV radiation, compressed air flotation, multi-material filtration, adsorption, and membrane ultrafiltration. The mentioned methods will be implemented on model devices in laboratory conditions, compared with technological processes operated in water treatment plants in Slovakia. Based on the model tests, the achieved results will be evaluated and an optimal technological method will be proposed for the removal of endocrine disruptors, cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins and microplastics to ensure the quality of drinking water, and an evaluation of the impact of their occurrence in raw water on the efficiency of water treatment Based on selected indicators, monitor changes in the quality of surface water in different seasons and in different hydrological conditions, as well as the impact of climate change on water quality. In the case of water reservoirs, such monitoring is rare. Based on available data on water quality in selected sampling profiles and mapping of hydraulic parameters in the reservoir, simulate the occurrence and duration of adverse hydrological conditions affecting the quality of raw water with an emphasis on the period of real occurrence of crisis situations. |
Impact of biochar application on hydro-physical characteristics of different soil types
Vplyv aplikácie biouhlia na hydrofyzikálne parametre rôznych druhov pôd
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0155/21 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Vitková Justína PhD. |
| Annotation: | The project is focused on biochars application into the various soil types and changes in soil hydro-physical characteristics will be measured. Our research will be carried out mainly in laboratory conditions, because before the application the biochar into the soil in field conditions, the expected properties of biochar is necessary to determine. Foreign scientific studies show that the amount of applied biochar and its particle size significantly affect its properties in soil. Because of that we will focus on two application doses and three different biochar particle sizes in this project. The hydrophobicity of biochar will be determined and its impact on soil properties. Sorption of nitrates and phosphates in soil after biochar amendment will be determined as well. In field conditions, we will continue in soil moisture and temperature monitoring after biochar application, which we have been performing since 2015 and our results quantify the impact of biochar on soil moisture during different crops growing. |
Impact of climate change on rainfall–runoff relationships
Vplyv klimatickej zmeny na zrážkovo–odtokové vzťahy
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0150/20 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Šurda Peter PhD. |
| Annotation: | Combustion of fossil fuels and changes in land use are leading to a change in global climate. Climate models project increases in hot extremes in most inhabited regions, heavy precipitation in several regions, and the probability of drought and precipitation deficits in some regions. In the conditions of Slovakia, several areas sensitive to water erosion, will suffer with the expected effects of sudden and intense storms. Drought events, which frequently will coincide with heat waves, are likely to become increasingly important for the development and dynamics of soil water repellency. Another important feature, which is related to climate change and likely to be promoted by drought and heat waves, is the increasing risk of wildfires. In the present project, we will focus on the analysis of changes in surface runoff / water erosion caused by altered parameters (expected elevated values) of design rains, expected effects of forest fires and widespread water repellency. |
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Vplyv ohrevu na hydrofyzikálne a chemické vlastnosti lesnej pôdy
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Zvala Anton PhD. |
Impact of ongoing forest change on the hydrological cycle in mountain basins
Vplyv prebiehajúcej zmeny lesa na hydrologický cyklus v horských povodiach
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. et Ing. Sleziak Patrik PhD. |
| Annotation: | A widespread dieback of forest ecosystems occurred in the highest mountains of Slovakia in the last decade due to rising air temperatures, windfalls and bark beetles outbreaks. Forest dieback and subsequent regeneration affect the hydrological regime in mountain basins, but they can also affect the runoff regime in the downstream areas. The project aims to evaluate the impact of forest change on the hydrological cycle in the mountain basin of the Jalovecký Creek in the Western Tatra Mountains. Experimental research should provide the parameters of a naturally dying and regenerating forest usable in hydrological models, which would allow a more accurate assessment of the impact of forest change on the hydrological cycle. The project will also examine the influence of changing forest on the soil moisture. The approach will be involve measurements of soil moisture, runoff and vegetation characteristics in representative areas, analysis of satellite data and modelling of the hydrological cycle in the mountains. |
Effect of vegetation and its secondary succession on soil hydrological processes
Vplyv vegetácie a jej sekundárnej sukcesie na hydrologické procesy v pôde
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0020/20 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Lichner Ľubomír DrSc. |
| Annotation: | Vegetation can influence soil hydrology in several ways. Goal of the project proposed is estimation of the relationships between the hydrophysical parameters (hydraulic conductivity, ethanol and water sorptivity), soil water repellency parameters (water drop penetration time, water repellency cessation time, repellency index and modified repellency index), runoff intensity during irrigation experiments, and duration of secondary succession at the burned sites and abandoned fields. |
VEGA - Seasonal variations of hydrodynamic and morphological parameters in lowland vegetated rivers
Zmeny hydrodynamických a morfologických ukazovateľov riečneho koryta v dôsledku zarastania vodnou vegetáciou v nížinných oblastiach
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Evidence number: | 2/0028/23 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Schügerl Radoslav PhD. |
| Annotation: | Nowadays, climate change is a big threat to human life due to high temperatures. The more the temperature rises, the more aquatic vegetation grows and spread in the rivers, even in out seasons. The presence of aquatic vegetation affects the morphology of the river bed and the hydrodynamic indicators of flow. To investigate the effects of the presence of vegetation on the river bed morphology and hydraulic resistance, flow velocity measuring plays an important role in better quantifying discharge in vegetated lowland rivers. On another side, velocity reduction increases sedimentation within the vegetated beds and increases erosion and sediment sorting in areas of higher flow during summer. In a nutshell, the project is focused on quantifying the impact of aquatic vegetation on hydrodynamic and morphological variations of the lowland rivers impacted by aquatic vegetation during all season. Also, we plan to investigate the influence of nutrient content and temperature on the growth rate of vegetation. |
Projects total: 18