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Project

Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre SAS

International Projects

Soil Biodiversit - The European Biodiversity Partnership - Sub-task 2.6.3 Pilot on soil biodiversity in protected, near natural forests

Biodiversa+ pilotný projekt monitoringu biodiverzity - Subpilot 2.6.3. Prieskum pôdnej diverzity v chránených prirodzených lesoch

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:101052342
Program: Horizont Európa
Project leader: Mgr. Caboň Miroslav PhD.
Annotation:Biodiversa+ is the new European co-funded biodiversity partnership supporting excellent research on biodiversity with an impact for policy and society. It was jointly developed by BiodivERsA and the European Commission (DG Research & Innovation and DG Environment) and was officially launched on 1 October 2021. Biodiversa+ is part of the European Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 that aims to put Europe’s biodiversity on a path to recovery by 2030. The Partnership aims to connect science, policy and practise for transformative change. It currently gathers 80 research programmers and funders and environmental policy actors from 40 European and associated countries to work on 5 main objectives: (I)Plan and support research and innovation on biodiversity through a shared strategy, annual joint calls for research projects and capacity building activities , (II) Set up a network of harmonised schemes to improve monitoring of biodiversity and ecosystem services across Europe , (III) Contribute to high-end knowledge for deploying Nature-based Solutions and valuation of biodiversity in the private sector , (IV) Ensure efficient science-based support for policy-making and implementation in Europe, (V) Strengthen the relevance and impact of pan-European research on biodiversity in a global context.
Project web page:https://www.biodiversa.eu/biodiversity-monitoring/pilot/

The European Biodiversity Partnership - IAS Subpilot

Biodiversa+ pilotný projekt monitoringu biodiverzity - Subpilot monitoring inváznych druhov

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:101052342
Program: Horizont Európa
Project leader: RNDr. Šingliarová Barbora PhD.
Annotation:The species monitoring sub-pilot will consist of two modules. Module 1 focusing on plants and Module 2 focusing on insects. The main focus will be on invasive alien species, but additional emphasis will be put on the wider group of non-native species, whose impacts are not fully understood. This wider scope should prepare for the detection of future invasive alien species. Both modules employ image recognitions using computer vision and deep learning models for cost efficient and rapid detection of species of concern. These methods rely on training data of the species of concern to function effectively. Such data is available in GBIF as well as in pilot projects from Denmark (plants and insects) and France and Switzerland (plants), but additional data will be collected as part of this pilot program to ensure accurate detection models for the future. For module 1, there will be an effort to monitor both introduction and spread. In this way, the pilot program will be relevant in the context of introduction sites as well as for the collection of additional training data to improve image recognition models.
Project web page:https://www.biodiversa.eu/biodiversity-monitoring/pilot/

COPYTREE - European Network for Innovative Woody Plant Cloning

Európska sieť pre inovatívne klonovanie drevín

Duration: 24. 10. 2022 - 23. 10. 2026
Evidence number:COST CA21157
Program: COST
Project leader: Mgr. Perniš Miroslav PhD.
Annotation:In vitro culture of woody plants is leaving the academic laboratories and is now being developed in a range of commercial applications in horticulture and forestry that respond to the challenges of climate change and changing global food and wood consumption habits. It is therefore urgent that the research challenges, public acceptance, risk assessment and commercial application are confronted now in order to establish a well informed scientific community, policy makers and market place. This proposal concerns the following challenges, whose solution will have a significant scientific, social and economic impact: How can we overcome recalcitrance in a lot of woody plants? What are the best tools for diagnosis, sanitation and storing clean stocks? How can the production of elite clones be scaled up at a acceptable price? What are the real risks of this technology and how can the public be informed so that they appreciate and accept the applications ? How can foresters and landowners be persuaded to invest in planting poly-clonal forests? Taking these aspects into account, it seems more than urgent to us to set up a European network to connect the researchers involved from various domains, so that they can share innovations and develop new research strategies, assess the risks of the technology and improve communication with stakeholders and the general public.
Project web page:https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA21157/

E-NICHE - European Network In CHEmical Ecology: translating the language of life into sustainability

Európska sieť v chemickej ekológii: transformácia súčasného života k udržateľnosti

Duration: 6. 10. 2023 - 5. 10. 2027
Evidence number:CA22102
Program: COST
Project leader: RNDr. Matúšová Radoslava PhD.
Annotation:E-NICHE will help unify the different branches of chemical ecology (CE) by bringing together researchers who study natural compounds that can act as semiochemicals (i.e., communication signals). At present, collaborations among these researchers are limited because CE is an extremely fragmented field. E-NICHE will foster partnerships between (a) scientists studying aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems; (b) natural products chemists, biochemists, and ecologists; (c) vertebrate biologists and entomologists; (d) plant and animal biologists; (e) zoologists and molecular biologists; and (f) neurobiologists and microbiologists. Their interactions will generate original ideas and perspectives while simultaneously meeting societal needs, a challenge that involves the creation of new chemical formulations, novel molecules, and innovative applications for natural compounds. This work will be nourished by a deeper understanding of the living world through the lens of chemical mediation, the main system of biological communication. It will also aim to prevent the loss of the chemical biodiversity found in nature, under threat because of global changes. Consequently, E-NICHE’s overarching objective is to establish a strong, extended European CE network that catalyses international, interdisciplinary, and cross-sectoral exchanges with a view to building knowledge and intergenerational sustainable development solutions. Via the new network created by E-NICHE, researchers will broaden their breadth of knowledge, define new research directions, and transform their discoveries into pioneering solutions.
Project web page:https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA22102/#tabs+Name:Description

Resistance - LIFE Resistance

LIFE Resistance

Duration: 1. 6. 2024 - 30. 9. 2030
Evidence number:LIFE23-NAT-SK-LIFE-RESISTANCE/101148377
Program: LIFE
Project leader: Mgr. Šibíková Mária PhD.
Annotation:The project aims at suppressing invasive plant species in Danube floodplain habitats through comprehensive measures. Naturally, the project is therefore a cooperation between organisations from Slovakia and Hungary. By restoring the water regime and the native plant species composition of the floodplain forests, as well as by reintroducing grazing to the project sites, we will create conditions unsuitable for invasive plants that suppress our native biodiversity. The project also includes the development and testing of software for early detection of invasive species stands and their spread using satellite and drone imagery. We will analyse the impact of restoration measures on living organisms through environmental DNA. The project also includes several innovative approaches, such as growing seedlings of native floodplain forest species with local ectomycorrhizal fungi that will be resistant to adverse conditions and can compete with invasive species; or removing the invasive tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) using its natural enemy, the fungus Verticillium sp. A wide range of educational activities are being carried out within the project to not only spread awareness of invasive species and the changes they cause, but also to make successful project measures available to experts and stakeholders so that the results can be replicated as far as possible in other locations and regions.
Project web page:https://broz.sk/en/projekty/life-resistance/

SenseForest - Biodiversity monitoring of ponds: evaluating the applicability of novel methods and identification of obstacles to wide use

Monitorovanie biodiverzity prírodných vodných nádrží: hodnotenie použiteľnosti nových metód a identifikácia prekážok pre ich široké použitie

Duration: 1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:Biodiversa+ SenseForest
Program: Horizont Európa
Project leader: RNDr. Šibík Jozef PhD.
Annotation:This project enhances forest habitat monitoring through a three-module approach. In Module 1, partners review existing remote sensing methods and relevant indicators for monitoring forest conditions, analyzing literature from non-participating EU countries to ensure comprehensive coverage. A workshop will facilitate presentations and collaborative drafting of a review, focusing on identifying indicators and suitable methods. Module 2 involves testing selected methods, with a lead partner coordinating data collection for model training and validation. A kickoff workshop will provide training and refine methods based on feedback. In Module 3, test leads compile reports, which will be integrated into a final report presenting results, conclusions, and steps for implementing harmonized remote sensing methods for forest habitat monitoring across EU countries. This project builds on prior work from the Horizon Europe initiative "Modern Approaches to the Monitoring of Biodiversity" (MAMBO).

BiodivPond - Biodiversity monitoring of ponds: evaluating the applicability of novel methods and identification of obstacles to wide use

Monitorovanie biodiverzity prírodných vodných nádrží: hodnotenie použiteľnosti nových metód a identifikácia prekážok pre ich široké použitie

Duration: 1. 1. 2026 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:Biodiversa+ BiodivPond
Program: Horizont Európa
Project leader: RNDr. Šibík Jozef PhD.
Annotation:The sub-pilot aims to integrate pond monitoring approaches into a harmonised European initiative. By combining eDNA, PAM, and citizen-science-based methods, it will support the development of standardised, effective biodiversity monitoring schemes. This effort will fill critical knowledge gaps and help achieve the targets of the Nature Restoration Law through better data on pond ecosystems across landscapes.
Project web page:https://biodivpond.github.io

PlantWallK - Multidisciplinary consortium to accelerate plant cell wall knowledge (PlantWallK)

Multidisciplinárne konzorcium pre akceleráciu poznania bunkovej steny

Duration: 26. 9. 2025 - 25. 9. 2029
Evidence number:COST CA24116
Program: COST
Project leader: Mgr. Mravec Jozef PhD.
Annotation:The plant cell wall was one of the first biological objects observed under the microscope in the 17th century. While the knowledge of this complex and dynamic structure has come a long way, current gaps in the understanding prevent people from achieving the full potential of this important resource in agriculture, food, feed, bioenergy, and material science. This Action aims to bring together scientists from distant disciplines to overcome barriers in the understanding of the complex nature of cell walls. More than ever, holistic and collaborative approaches are required to gain a deeper knowledge of cell wall composition, structure, biomechanics, and orchestration with other cellular activities. Multidisciplinary cooperation can help to identify and overcome current research bottlenecks, as well as improve research methods in cell wall visualization, analysis, computation and modelling. The aim of this Action is to propose strategies to address gaps in the knowledge, start building data and knowledge-based infrastructure on the topic, and enhance multidisciplinary research efforts through effective networking and collaboration. Plant cell wall research will be defragmented through cooperation, mobility, and the formation of a common language to form a modern research community. This Action will provide COST Member States with a competitive advantage, helping the EU to achieve the objectives set out in the Green Deal and European Research Area.
Project web page:www.plantwallk.org

LIFE23-NAT-SK-LI - Restoration of priority grassland habitats in Slovakia and Romania

Obnova prioritných trávnatých biotopov na Slovensku a v Rumunsku

Duration: 1. 6. 2024 - 30. 9. 2031
Evidence number:LIFE23-NAT-SK-LIFE DIVERSEED/101148306
Program: LIFE
Project leader: RNDr. Dúbravková Daniela PhD.
Annotation:DIVERSEED is a 7-year project focused on the restoration of priority grassland habitats shared between Slovakia and Romania, and brings innovative mapping and restoration techniques which will have wide and long-lasting impact after project end. It will target 10 habitats (9 Priority Habitats in Annex I of Habitats Directive, and one Endangered habitat in the European Habitats Red List) in 33 SCIs, 30 in Slovakia and 3 in Romania. At least 920 ha of priority grassland habitats will be restored directly, and a further 1,200 ha indirectly through replications. In addition, the project will give a significant boost to future grassland restoration by demonstrating, and leaving sustainable capacity for, the harvesting of seeds from priority habitats, and by developing protocols for seed collection and reseeding in protected grasslands. Local seed mixtures are not available in Slovakia or Romania, and are needed to meet increasing demand for restoration. DIVERSEED will work closely with farmers and farmer associations, environment agencies and national authorities, who have all expressed their interest. Restoration will use classic measures including grazing, mowing, removal of invasive species. In addition, the innovative seeding approach will restore species composition of grasslands. This will also benefit pollinators; flora and pollinators will be monitored to assess project impact. Importantly, the project will also properly map and assess the critical decline of grasslands in Romania, underestimated owing to lack of mapping capacity, and will demonstrate use of latest mapping techniques. Project results will assist improvements of agri-environment schemes in Romania which are failing to halt grassland declines. Many activities for volunteers, schools and general public will take place, as well as policy work with authorities and extensive farmer training. The seed mixtures will be designed for market uptake for further replication after the project ends.
Project web page:https://broz.sk/projekty/life-diverseed/

From Native to Non-Native: Unraveling the Ecological Dichotomy of Range Expansion and Its Implications

Od pôvodných po nepôvodné: Rozuzlenie ekologickej dichotómie rozšírovania areálu a jej dôsledky

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:Open-Mob-2024-12
Program: Open Mobility
Project leader: RNDr. Šibík Jozef PhD.
Annotation:Biological invasions, driven by global connectivity and human activity, are a significant issue, particularly regarding the introduction of alien tree species. Understanding the interactions between native species and community filters is vital for predicting invasive potential and impacts on ecosystems, with broader implications for community ecology.In Slovakia, alien tree species like black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and boxelder (Acer negundo) have established themselves. Black locust, native to the southeastern U.S., thrives near rivers and forest edges, while boxelder is found across various New World plant communities. Both species exhibit invasive tendencies, particularly in deforested and fire-affected areas, and are now widespread in Europe. Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) is another example, commonly found in the western U.S.Understanding community assembly history is crucial for grasping diversity, composition, function, and invasion responses. Community assembly theory indicates that competition and habitat filtering shape trait distributions. Environmental filtering significantly influences the establishment of alien species in native plant communities, though distinguishing traits vary.To address knowledge gaps about undergrowth communities under alien tree species, this project aims to collect data using twin plots in both native and expanded ranges. The presence of neophyte invasive trees creates novel community interactions, and different mechanisms govern community development compared to native-only areas. Data sampling in both native and alien ranges is essential, alongside a deeper understanding of species characteristics, including functional traits and intercontinental comparisons.

MSCA4Ukraine 202 - Unveiling components of wheat redox proteome that defines drought resilience

Odhalenie zložiek redox proteómu pšenice, ktoré definujú odolnosť voči suchu

Duration: 1. 10. 2025 - 30. 9. 2028
Evidence number:SoE/2025/61/MSCA4Uk
Program: Seal of Excelence
Project leader: Mgr. Lakhneko Olha PhD.

PANGEOS - Pan-European Network of Green Deal Agriculture and Forestry Earth Observation Science

Pan-Európska sieť zelenej dohody o poľnohospodárstve a vedy o lesníctve a pozorovaní Zeme

Duration: 6. 11. 2023 - 5. 11. 2027
Evidence number:CA22136
Program: COST
Project leader: RNDr. Galgóci Martin PhD.
Annotation:The sustainability of Europe’s green resources are threatened by climate change associated environmental changes. Agricultural systems and forests are among the ecosystems mostly interlinked with human health and wellbeing due to the socio-economic services they provide. Whether heat, drought, extreme weather, or biotic stressors, conventional agriculture and forestry today is unprepared for future climate scenarios, rising populations, changing consumption habits, and traditional management practices need re-thinking. The objectives set by PANGEOS are developed in the wake of the European Green Deal strategic goals. For agriculture, these include ensuring food security in the face of climate change, strengthening the EU food system’s resilience and reducing the environmental and climate footprint of the EU agricultural sector towards a competitive and sustainable use and management of resources. For forestry, these span the protection, restoration and enlargement of the EU’s forests to combat climate change, reversing biodiversity loss and ensuring resilient and multifunctional forest ecosystems. To support these goals, PANGEOS aims to leverage state-of-the-art remote sensing (RS) technologies to advance field phenotyping workflows, precision agriculture/forestry practices and larger-scale operational assessments for a more sustainable management of Europe’s natural resources. We propose to bridge the gap between state-of-the-art technologies and applied sciences, to directly serve and inform academics, Young Researchers and Innovators, Inclusiveness Target Countries and Near Neighbor Countries, end-users (e.g., farmers, foresters), and stakeholders in industry and policy-makers by bringing together RS experts and applications in (1) Field Phenotyping, (2) Precision and Regenerative Agriculture, (3) Sustainable Land Management of Complex European landscapes, and (4) Uncertainty Analysis and Standardization.

PectoProbe - PectoProbe: Filling the gaps of cell wall-directed probe repertoire by novel approaches

PectoProbe: Zaplnenie medzery v repertoáru prób zacielených na bunkové steny novými prístupmi

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:CSIC-SAS-2024-04
Program: Mobility
Project leader: Mgr. Mravec Jozef PhD.
Annotation:Molecular probes such as anti-glycan monoclonal antibodies have been instrumental in studying plant cell walls in situ for decades. However, severe limitations still exist, hindering the real-time monitoring of cell wall dynamics in vivo. The PectoProbe project aims to establish Slovak-Spain cooperation to fill the inconvenient gaps in the cell wall probe toolkit and support a better community via organizing a focused workshop and research mobility. We will focus on one of the most crucial property-determining cell wall components, homogalacturonan, and its elusive chemical modification; we hypothesize that HG acetylation – the level and pattern- maintains cell wall integrity during the invasive growth of the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and may also be one of the markers for high or low embryogenic capacity in conifer calli. To address these questions, we will employ new approaches for probe development, such as generating in vitro selected chemical antibodies-DNA aptamers and thoroughly characterizing them using various biochemical methods. Finally, we will demonstrate the applicability of the developed molecular recognition tools to study cell wall dynamics in vivo.

RECROP - Reproductive Enhancement of CROP resilience to extreme climate

Reprodukčné zvýšenie odolnosti plodín voči extrémnemu podnebiu

Duration: 4. 10. 2023 - 3. 10. 2027
Evidence number:CA22157
Program: COST
Project leader: Mgr. Lakhneko Olha PhD.
Annotation:Climate change is a threat for food security as extreme weather phenomena will reduce the yield of all major crops. Grain and fruit crops which consist the core of human diet are particularly vulnerable due to the sensitivity of sexual reproduction process to abiotic stresses. Consequently, there is an urgent need to generate elite varieties with enhanced reproductive stress resilience. RECROP (Reproductive Enhancement of CROP resilience to extreme climate) is a team of agronomists, physiologists, geneticists, biologists, bioinformaticians and researchers from the field of Machine Learning from public organizations and private sector which will use holistic approaches to understand the grounds of crop sensitivity and design solutions for yield stimulation in the era of climate change. RECROP aims to: (1) Identify the genetic, molecular, and physiological makeup of the sensitivity of crop reproduction, (2) Create a roadmap for the generation of resilient crops, and (3) Provide guidelines of exogenous treatments to increase resilience in a sustainable manner and push the limits of the genetically inherited stress tolerance. The aims will be fulfilled by four Working Groups (WGs) which in addition to research discussions will organize training schools, workshops, conferences, and dissemination activities. RECROP will actively support Early Stage Career researchers through training and networking and support interactions with Near Neighbouring and partner COST countries. RECROP members will be actively involved in building communication channels with Policy Makers to provide scientific advice and support them in scientific-based context of future policies on biotechnology, technology and agriculture sectors.

Seed Priming Solutions: Boosting Crop Resilience for a Sustainable Future

Riešenia pre prípravu semien: Zvyšovanie odolnosti plodín pre udržateľnú budúcnosť

Duration: 15. 10. 2025 - 14. 10. 2029
Evidence number:CA24156
Program: COST
Project leader: Mgr. Danchenko Maksym PhD.
Annotation:The project will develop scalable and efficient seed priming technologies to enhance crop resilience against the effects of climate change. The project will explore biological, chemical, and physical priming agents to improve plant tolerance to abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. Team will investigate the molecular mechanisms triggered by priming agents, identifying key biomarkers that predict enhanced stress responses by implementing cutting-edge omics technologies. This will ensure creation of standardized, field-validated protocols adaptable to various crops and environmental conditions.

Grasslands for biodiversity: supporting the protection of the biodiversity-rich grasslands and related management practices in the Alps and Carpathians

Trávne porasty pre biodiverzitu: podpora ochrany trávnych porastov bohatých na biodiverzitu a súvisiacich postupov hospodárenia v Alpách a Karpatoch

Duration: 1. 4. 2023 - 31. 3. 2026
Evidence number:Biodiversa2021-532
Program: Horizont Európa
Project leader: Mgr. Janišová Monika PhD.

SUSTAIN - Sustainable use of salt-affected lands

Trvalo udržateľné využívanie zasolených pôd

Duration: 3. 10. 2023 - 2. 10. 2027
Evidence number:CA22144
Program: COST
Project leader: Mgr. Mistríková Veronika PhD.
Annotation:Salinisation, the accumulation of water-soluble salts in the soil, is one of the major causes of soil degradation affecting 833 million hectares of land and 1.5 billion inhabitants worldwide. However, these lands can be used by applying saline agriculture, involving soil, water and salt-tolerant crop management methods. Cultivation of salt-affected lands aids in addressing food and water security in the times of progressing climate change and population growth. As a result, there is an urgent need to create a network of research and practice and foster the sustainable use of salt-affected lands. This COST Action aims to build a global transdisciplinary network of scientific experts and engaged stakeholders in the field of salinity research in the context of food security, sustainability and the intensifying climate crisis. Our activities will focus on: (i) understanding responses to heterogeneous soil salinity and other combined stresses in the soil-rhizosphere-plant continuum; (ii) building a knowledge-base to improve water and soil management, and crop production on salt-affected lands; (iii) showcasing the total value of salt-affected lands and saline landscapes; (iv) connecting various stakeholders involved in saline agriculture; and (v) developing targeted policy frameworks for the proper salinisation management, bringing saline agriculture as a complementary component in the European food security agenda for coastal and inland salt-affected lands. Mutual knowledge exchange and sharing best practices will contribute to more sustainable use of salt-affected lands and enhance the resilience of the landscape as a whole.
Project web page:https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA22144/#tabs+Name:Description

Untangling the spatial microbial diversity within roots of endemic saxicolous shrub Daphne arbuscula

Untangling the spatial microbial diversity within roots of endemic saxicolous shrub Daphne arbuscula

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:CAS-SAS-2024-03
Program: Mobility
Project leader: Mgr. Caboň Miroslav PhD.
Annotation:Daphne arbuscula represents flagship species of Carpathians endemics with narrow distribution to extreme rocky habitats within a single mountain range. Our previous research (with limited number of plant individuals analyzed at each site) revealed significantly different communities of root- associated fungi within those shrubs in different sites. Site Šiance exhibited a higher heterogeneity of microclimatic habitats (“warmer” and “colder” sites in close vicinity), which corresponded with our findings of two distinct root mycobiome patterns. We aim to deeply investigate microclimate- driven spatial patterns of microorganisms within the Daphne population at this single sampling site while minimizing other environmental influences. We will combine traditional microscopic screening of mycorrhizae with the high-throughput sequencing of three specific rDNA barcoding regions. We will extend our understanding of D. arbuscula root microbial communities by analyzing the roots of the entire population from Šiance and by including an additional marker to cover underexplored bacterial microbiome.

The role of waterbirds in the dispersal of coastal halophytes to inland salt marshes

Z morských pobreží do vnútrozemia - (ktoré) halofyty šíria vtáky?

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:HAS-SAS-2024-07
Program: Mobility
Project leader: Mgr. Dítě Zuzana PhD.
Annotation:Current knowledge of salt-affected vegetation is advanced in Europe and requires a multidisciplinary macroecological approach. Despite the general uniformity typical of saline habitats worldwide, each region represents a unique assemblage of different halophytes depending on macroclimatic and edaphic conditions. The current overview of the Central European inland salt-tolerant flora includes 107 native species with a high proportion of coastal halophytes, of which several species occur only sporadically or isolated inland, e.g. Carex extensa in Hungary. The earlier discovery of this species and the hypothesis about its dispersal from the Adriatic coast inland via the digestive tract of migratory waterfowl has led us to find out the origin of other halophytes with a similar geographical phenomenon. By integrating other biological disciplines (plant karyology, phytogeography, plant autecology, waterfowl ecology), we aim to find out whether terrestrial halophytes are spread by waterfowl-mediated endozoochory.

SMILES - Enhancing Small-Medium IsLands resilience by securing the sustainability of Ecosystem Services

Zvýšenie odolnosti malých a stredných ostrovov zabezpečením udržateľnosti ekosystémových služieb

Duration: 22. 9. 2022 - 21. 9. 2026
Evidence number:COST CA 21158
Program: COST
Project leader: RNDr. Šibík Jozef PhD.
Annotation:xx

National Projects

Genetic analysis of juniper species Juniperus communis var. communis, J. sibirica and their putative hybrids J. communis var. intermedia in Slovakia

Genetická analýza borievok Juniperus communis var. communis, J. sibirica a ich predpokladaných hybridov J. communis var. intermedia na Slovensku

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0005/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Galgóci Martin PhD.
Annotation:The subject of our study are the species J. communis var. communis L., J. sibirica Lodd v Burgsde and J. communis var. intermedia (Sahur) Sanio, which is presumed to be a hybrid origin coming from some of the mentioned parents. In the study, we will search for the anatomical features of the needles and at the same time, we will do DNA studies aimed at finding DNA species-specific markers. As well, we will do population genetic studies that should give us a new knowledge about the genetic structure and the diversity and in the end the information about the uniqueness of these individual populations. We also plan to make some hybridology studies to verify the hybridological affinity of the parental species together with related studies aimed at the determining of pollen quality at the semifinal level. The obtained seeds will be a subject to the cytological study focused on the study of pre- and pozygotic disorders during the embryo development.

Adaptation and tolerance mechanisms of fast growing trees to metal(loid)s and drought - a way how to restore and reuse contaminated sites and marginal land

Adaptačné a tolerančné mechanizmy rýchlorastúcich drevín na (polo)kovy a sucho - cesta ako obnoviť a opätovne využiť kontaminované územia a opustené miesta

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:APVV-23-0318
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Vaculíková Miroslava PhD.
Annotation:Metal and metalloid pollution is one of the crucial factors that negatively affect the environment and quality of our life. In Slovakia there is more than 800 registered contaminated sites at the moment, from which more than 300 have not been remediated or reclaimed yet. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find out various strategies and solutions for sustainable soil decontamination or appropriate land use. This project aims to find out response mechanisms of selected fast-growing trees, like poplars (Populus sp.) and willows (Salix sp.) to metal contamination, and at the same time find out how they respond to drought, one of the major consequences of changing climate in Central European region. The results of the project could have a great potential for application of selected species for restoration of contaminated sites and abandoned marginal land, and production of safe and valuable wood biomass as a renewable source of energy.

If it does not challenge you, it does not change you: legacy of substrate opportunities on microecology of symbiotic organisms

Ak to nie je výzva, nepovedie to k zmenám: vplyv substrátu na mikroekológiu symbiotických organizmov

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0046/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Fačkovcová Zuzana PhD.
Annotation:Traditional view of lichens as a consortium of fungus and photosynthesizing algae, or cyanobacteria has changed substantially. Besides stabile, major partners, it includes other components constituting a system of diverse assamblages of microorganisms. Combining the Sanger and high throughput sequencing, we aim to explore lichens in their entirety and their environments to learn about their microecology in terms of associations of biological composition of thalli linked to substrate. We aim to find out how and to what extent the geochemistry of rocky substrates influences the composition of major bionts and assemblages of associated microrganisms. We will discover and compare the microecology of intrathalline bionts in lichen samples growing on major and on alternative („outlying“) bedrock in terms of diversity. We will also obtain information about the ability of lichens to adapt to environmental changes resulting from their translocation to areas with different bedrock in a microecological context.

COMBAT - Understanding COmmunity asseMBly driven by Alien Trees

Ako nepôvodné druhy stromov limitujú vytváranie biologických spoločenstiev?

Duration: 1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0143/24
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Šibíková Mária PhD.
Annotation:The main aim of this project is to obtain new findings about processes, causal factors, and underlying mechanisms responsible for developing specific plant communities driven by alien trees. Previous studies show that plant communities dominated by alien trees differ from native forest communities significantly in the case of species composition, functional traits composition, and occurrence of functional species groups. Neophyte and archaeophyte invasive trees come from different continents, creating novel interactions at the community level. Thus, the mechanisms of community development follow different rules than native-only communities, and these processes remain unknown. The question of developing herbal synusia under the alien tree species that already formed a forest structure remains unknown, and the proposed project aims to fulfill this knowledge gap. These findings will be crucial for the adaptation of organisms creating ecosystems during ongoing climate crises.

STRESSPOND - Pond biodiversity, functioning and cross-boundary pathways under multiple stressors

Biodiverzita, fungovanie a medziekosystémové vzťahy malých vodných nádrží pod vplyvom viacerých stresorov

Duration: 1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:APVV-24-0463
Program: APVV
Project leader: RNDr. Svitková Ivana PhD.
Annotation:Shallow lentic water bodies called ponds are among the most biodiverse and ecologically important freshwater habitats globally. Despite their great ecological and societal value, ponds have historically been dismissed as unimportant and have been massively drained and removed as a result of changes in agricultural practices and urban development. Currently, ponds remain a low priority of national and international conservation while increasingly being subjected to multiple anthropogenic factors which can affect the diversity and functioning of their ecosystems. Eutrophication and climate change rank among the most significant stressors threatening ponds. In the proposed project, we will specifically focus on the interactive effects of eutrophication and climate warming on the biodiversity and functioning of pond ecosystems.

Red Book of Plant Communities of Slovakia

Červená kniha rastlinných spoločenstiev Slovenska

Duration: 1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0067/24
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Valachovič Milan DrSc.

MEADOW - Species-rich Carpathian grasslands: mapping, history, drivers of change and conservation

Druhovo bohaté lúky a pasienky Karpát: mapovanie, história, príčiny zmien a ochrana

Duration: 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:APVV-21-0226
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Janišová Monika PhD.
Annotation:European agriculture is at a crossroads. Continuing the industrial intensification of agricultural production and the associated abandonment of marginal land equals continuing the direct negative environmental impacts on landscape quality and further loss of biodiversity. The second available option is adopting the quality of the landscape and its sustainability as essential criteria for optimization and management of agricultural production. The main aim of our transdisciplinary project is to support this second option with practical scientific knowledge on environmental and societal potentials regarding sustainable grassland management in the Carpathians using traditional agricultural practices, as well as on which social and institutional features might help embedding such management within the modern Slovak economy. The main objectives of the project are: 1) to identify and map biodiversity-rich grassland areas in the Carpathians and related local environmental and social factors; 2) identify and map areas with high environmental and social potential for successful grassland restoration in Slovakia; and 3) propose a national strategy for state and non-governmental support regarding ecological restoration, conservation and management of the identified grassland areas. We intend to reach such a comprehensive and practical understanding through a collaborative combination of the latest available earth observation data for the Carpathian region, analytical methods and tools, but also pioneering field research; all in parallel on behalf of the scientific fields of botany, ecology, geography, remote sensing and social anthropology. The planned outputs of the project – scientific studies and the proposal of a national strategy to support species-rich grasslands – can, in addition to direct use by contracted domestic recipient organisations (MoE SR and BROZ), also serve as a template for applied research focusing on ecological grassland restoration in Europe and beyond.

Evolutionary and ecological outcomes of plant invasions: What are the potential consequences of post-invasion hybridization and polyploidization on the invasiveness of Solidago taxa in Europe?

Evolučné a ekologické dôsledky rastlinných invázií: aké sú potenciálne dopady hybridizácie a polyploidizácie po invázii na inváznosť taxónov rodu Solidago (zlatobyľ) v Európe?

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0024/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Šingliarová Barbora PhD.
Annotation:Because of the complexity of biological invasions and post-invasion processes (such as mating interactions with native species), a better understanding of the underlying factors and their management is challenging. Members of the genus Solidago represent exceptionally successful invaders in Europe. In this project, we aim to determine the impact of hybridization and introgression in alien-hybrid-native S. canadensis–xniederederi–virgaurea populations and polyploidization in S. gigantea populations on the evolutionary and invasive potential of newly formed genotypes within the invaded range in Europe. We will take an integrative approach combining relative DNA content screening, assessment of population genetic structure by up-to-date molecular markers and measurements of reproductive potential and fitness parameters. We expect to bring new insights into the microevolutionary processes and their impact on further invasiveness as well as to provide a baseline for nature conservation and management decisions.

Flora of Slovakia – biosystematic study of taxa from the subfamilies Cichorioideae and Vernonioideae (Asteraceae) and from the genus Rubus (Rosaceae)

Flóra Slovenska – biosystematické štúdium taxónov z podčeľadí Cichorioideae a Vernonioideae (Asteraceae) a rodu Rubus (Rosaceae)

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0060/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Mereďa Pavol PhD.
Annotation:The project focuses on the taxonomic and chorological revision of taxa from the subfamilies Cichorioideae and Vernonioideae (Asteraceae) and taxa from the genus Rubus (Rosaceae) in Slovakia and in the broader Central European area. The main result will be publishing of 2 volumes of the monograph series Flora of Slovakia: (1) volume VI/2, part 3, containing treatment of the tribes Cichorieae and Arctotideae (including 26 genera and ca 340 species) and (2) volume containing treatment of the genus Rubus (ca 60 species), which was excluded in the processing of the family Rosaceae (due to its difficulty) from Flora of Slovakia IV/3 (1992). Each taxon will be treated in terms of nomenclature, morphology, karyology, ecology, and chorology. Identification keys (Slovak and English), original drawings of plants (for the genus Rubus, accompanied by colour photographs), and distribution maps will also be included. Within taxonomically complex groups, more in-depth systematic studies will be published in special publications.

The plant species diversity and physiological response to changing ecological conditions of floodplain forests

Hodnotenie druhovej diverzity a fyziologickej odozvy rastlín na ekologické podmienky lužných lesov

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0053/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Ing. Hrivnák Richard DrSc.

Gemstones of biodiversity: taxonomy, evolutionary relationships and life strategies of target earth tongues (Fungi, Ascomycota)

Hrozienka v koláči biodiverzity jazýčkovitých húb (Ascomycota): taxonómia, evolučné vzťahy a životná stratégia

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0074/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Kučera Viktor PhD.
Annotation:Earth tongues (members of the families Geoglossaceae and Leotiaceae) represent rare fungi and are endangered in most countries of their occurrence but are, together with other fungi, gemstones of biodiversity. Even these fungi are uncommon more that 30 new species were described last decade. According to our research, more are expected to be delimited, namely new Microglossum and Geoglossum taxa in the region of the Carpathians. And more new taxa are expected to be described from other regions in co-operation with foreign colleagues as important addition to the knowledge of the biodiversity. Previous studies confirmed that some geoglossoid species (such as Sarcoleotia globosa and members of the genus Leotia) form ericoid mycorrhiza with plants. Since genus Microglossum is phylogenetically related to Leotia there is possible that also Microglossum species could have similar life strategies. Our preliminary analysis of DNA indicated that such hypothesis should be studies and tested.

The integrative taxonomy of Elmidae and Dryopidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Borneo - one of the major evolutionary biodiversity hotspots

Integratívna taxonómia Elmidae a Dryopidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) ostrova Borneo - významného evolučného hotspotu biodiverzity

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 1/0541/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Čiampor Fedor PhD.
Annotation:Borneo, along with part of Indochina, is one of Southeast Asia’s major evolutionary biodiversity hotspots. Its recent fauna is probably the result of in situ diversification associated with the accumulation of immigrants. The beetles of the families Elmidae and Dryopidae are morphologically and physiologically adapted to life in the aquatic environment. However, some genera of Dryopidae (e.g. Sostea, Geoparnus, Spalacosostea) are adapted to live in soil, leaf litter, or vegetation. The diversity and evolution of these groups’ are little explored, despite the almost cosmopolitan distribution and importance of organisms in eco-enviro studies. The project addresses the issues of taxonomy and phylogeny of Bornean species through an integrative taxonomy approach based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers in combination with morphological features and tries to identify common evolutionary patterns and trends in phylogeny and distribution.

Combined management as a tool for conservation and restoration of grassland habitats

Kombinovaný manažment ako nástroj na ochranu a obnovu travinnobylinných biotopov

Duration: 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0065/23
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Janišová Monika PhD.
Annotation:Protection, enhancement, and potential extension of the biodiversity-rich areas is a top priority of policies within the states, continents or globally. The most recent EU Green Deal Call identified biodiversity and ecosystems as key areas capable of improving the quality of the landscape and mitigating the effects of climate change. Semi-natural habitats are those areas, where most of the action can be taken. Low-intensity traditional farming maintained in mountain regions of the Carpathians is an inspiration for diversification of modern agroecosystems. However, the mechanisms of enhancing grassland biodiversity by diversification and combination of farming practices is still insufficiently known. In our project we would like to investigate multiple aspects of the selected combinations of traditional management practices - mowing, grazing, and manuring - and establish a manipulative experiment to test their effects on biodiversity if used as a restoration intervention in modern agricultural landscapes.

Karst springs of the Western Carpathians - Are refuges of genetic diversity and uniqueness of benthic fauna?

Krasové pramene Západých Karpát - refúgiá genetickej diverzity a unikátnosti bentickej fauny?

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 1/0170/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Zuzana PhD.
Annotation:Springs, as unique aquatic habitats, play a key role in regional biodiversity and the functioning of the ecosystem services of the riverine landscape. Today, many of them are currently under threat, primarily due to human impacts and climate change. Their effective protection must be based on exact and up-to-date data. Therefore, the project builds on previous research on karst springs but, for the first time, applies modern molecular methods such as NGS sequencing and DNA metabarcoding. These methods serve great potential to enhance our knowledge of taxonomic diversity in spring biota and to evaluate the genetic variability of individual species, as well as the whole benthic fauna of springs. The project also involves building a reference database of DNA barcodes, a crucial tool for accurately interpreting metabarcoding and DNA-biomonitoring outputs. The expected results will significantly enrich our knowledge base for the high-quality protection and management of these unique aquatic habitats.

Maryna Kryvokhyzha, R2 - Postdoctoral Fellow

Maryna Kryvokhyzha, R2 - Postdoktorand

Duration: 1. 3. 2023 - 28. 2. 2026
Evidence number:09I03-03-V01-00142
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Mgr. Kryvokhyzha Maryna PhD.
Annotation:xx

SYTDEV - Molecular dissection of synaptotagmins and their roles in the development of land plants

Molekulárna analýza synaptotagmínov a ich úlohy vo vývine suchozemských rastlín

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:APVV-23-0463
Program: APVV
Project leader: doc. RNDr. Jásik Ján DrSc.
Annotation:Surprisingly, plant genomes contain homologs of genes that were thought to be typical for animal organisms. Plant synaptotagmins (SYTs), homologs of calcium sensors in animal neurons, are one of them. In the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, the dominant AtSYT1 is involved in responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The roles of other family members are poorly understood. The particular expression patterns of AtSYTs found in our previous studies suggest that these genes are involved development of specific tissues. By complex analysis of single and multiple atsyt mutants, we aim to determine in which developmental programs of higher plants the AtSYT genes participated. In this project, we will also study SYT genes in the moss Physcomitrium patents and take advantage of the unique benefits of this model organism. We will characterize the spatio-temporal expression pattern of PpSYT genes at different levels. We will further analyze the distribution and intracellular dynamics of PpSYT proteins during different developmental stages. Using homologous recombination, we will create plant lines with GUS and GFP markers, and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques will be employed to inactivate single or multiple PpSYT genes. Using reverse genetics, cell biology and biochemistry approaches, we will analyze the function of PpSYT genes during entire plant ontogenesis. The project will contribute to understanding the role of SYT genes in the development of higher and lower plant and the phylogenesis of the SYT genes.

Molecular cloning and biochemical characterisation of a peculiar protease from carnivorous sundew

Molekulárne klonovanie a biochemická charakterizácia unikátnej proteázy z mäsožravej rosičky

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:09I03-03-V04-00573
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Mgr. Danchenko Monika PhD.

CARBODNA - Aptamer-based analytical platform for in vitro and in situ analyses of complex carbohydrates

Nová analytická platforma pre in situ a in vitro analýzy komplexných sacharidov na báze aptamérov

Duration: 1. 9. 2022 - 31. 8. 2027
Evidence number:IM-2021-230
Program: IMPULZ
Project leader: Mgr. Mravec Jozef PhD.
Annotation:Complex carbohydrates are some of the most important biopolymers. They provide a sustainable source of materials, and energy and are a major part of human and animal diets. Due to their high molecular weight and high complexity, the determination of the precise amount and structure of these molecules is extremely technically challenging. For instance, one of the currently used methods called Compositional Microarray Polymer Profiling exhibits several serious drawbacks such as the requirement for a high level of expertise, expensive equipment, and is very costly and time-consuming. The CARBODNA project aims to make a leap forward in the area and develop a novel analytical platform based on aptamers sometimes also called synthetic or chemical antibodies. These are fragments of polynucleotides with the ability to bind target molecules with high specificity and avidity comparable to conventional monoclonal antibodies. The initial task of the project is to generate aptamers specific for polysaccharide components of plant cell walls, especially for those still lacking any specific immunological probes as well as novel aptamers for macromolecular 3D structures such as intermolecular interactions forming the intricate cell wall architecture. These new probing tools will be utilized to create a new system for quantification and compositional profiling of samples of different origin utilizing common well-established methods of molecular biology as well as for detailed imaging of the cell wall ultrastructure. Finally, the new technology will be applied to study the dynamics of cell walls during plant somatic embryogenesis and cellular elongation.

Uncovering cryptic diversity and evolution in polyploid species complexes

Objasnenie skrytej diverzity a evolúcie v polyploidných komplexoch druhov

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:09I03-03-V04-00489
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Mgr. Zozomová Judita PhD.

Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of Next Generation Sequencing Data for Advanced Plant Research

Pokročilý výskum rastlín prostredníctvom analýzy údajov NGS

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:09I03-03-V04-00494
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Mgr. Šlenker Marek PhD.
Annotation:The rapid progress in botany, particularly in the area of plant phylogeny and the investigation of the origin of polyploid species, can undoubtedly be attributed to the widespread application of new generation sequencing methods (NGS) in recent years and concurrent development of bioinformatics tools designed to process such data. While these methods are generally universal and broadly applicable, there is an increasing recognition of the need for customized approaches that consider the unique characteristics of the plant species under study. This project's primary objective is to provide innovative, custom tailored bioinformatics solutions for the analysis of NGS data, obtaining answers to specific scientific questions. The developed scripts and tools will be made openly available, facilitating their use by other researchers in their studies and allowing for potential modifications to ensure further development.

Soil additives as possible tools for remediation of metal(loid) contaminated soils and improvement of food safety

Pôdne aditíva ako potenciálny nástroj pre remediáciu kovmi a polokovmi kontaminovaných pôd a zlepšenie bezpečnosti potravín

Duration: 1. 7. 2025 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:APVV-SK-TW-24-0008
Program: APVV
Project leader: doc. RNDr. Vaculík Marek PhD.

AntioxEnz - Rational design, mutagenesis, optimization and efficient delivery of diverse enzymatic antioxidants

Racionálny dizajn, mutagenéza, optimalizácia a efektívny prísun enzýmových antioxidantov

Duration: 1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:APVV-24-0455
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Caboň Miroslav PhD.
Annotation:The main focus of this basic research project are enzymatic antioxidants, key biological macromolecules evolved by nature in diverse cells to counteract the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. We will investigate various known antioxidant enzymes that occur in almost all living organisms, including catalases, peroxidases, peroxygenases and superoxide dismutases. These enzymes provide efficient defense reactions against ferroptosis and various other forms of oxidative stress. We will construct a series of site-directed mutants from selected natural variants of these oxidoreductases with heme prosthetic group and investigate their potential for the ecological removal of reactive oxygen species. Finally, we will attempt to entrap a selection of these engineered enzymatic antioxidants in nanoparticles constructed with biocompatible polymers in order to enhance their stability and improve their delivery. We also plan to carry out similar studies on formation of nanoparticles containing glucose oxidase, a hydrogen peroxide-producing flavoenzyme currently used in a number of industrial and medical applications, often in tandem with one of the antioxidant enzymes given above. The expected result of this project would be easily accessible and highly efficient enzyme antioxidants even in suitable pairs dedicated for future involvement in many medical and biotechnological applications

Plant calpains and their molecular mode of action in cell fate control

Rastlinné kalpaíny a ich molekulárny mechanizmus kontroly bunkovej identity

Duration: 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:APVV-21-0227
Program: APVV
Project leader: doc. RNDr. Jásik Ján DrSc.
Annotation:XX

RedoxDrought - Redox proteome regulation of drought resilience in wheat

Regulácia odolnosti pšenice voči suchu na úrovni redox proteómu

Duration: 1. 3. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VV-MVP-24-0368
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Lakhneko Olha PhD.

RET-EVOL-BRASS - Reticulate or divergent evolution? Resolving processes behind the high species richness and endemism in Brassicaceae genera

Retikulátna alebo divergentná evolúcia? Objasnenie procesov, ktoré stoja za veľkou druhovou bohatosťou a endemizmom v rodoch čeľade Brassicaceae

Duration: 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:APVV-21-0044
Program: APVV
Project leader: prof. RNDr. Marhold Karol DrSc.
Annotation:Reticulate evolution is a challenging research topic, which has gained increased attention in recent years, stimulated by the progress made in genomic research and developments of new scientific techniques and approaches. It is now widely recognized that introgression and hybridization significantly affect plant evolution, but there is still much to discover and understand about these processes and their impact on diversification and speciation. The proposed research focuses on reticulate evolution in four genera of the Brassicaceae family (Alyssum, Cardamine, Erysimum, and Odontarrhena). Here we aim to explore in detail how reticulation events have shaped the evolution of the studied genera, to test whether the high endemism rate reflects multiple independent polyploidization events or increased diversification of polyploid lineages. We will also examine how historical and recent range shifts have stimulated introgression and allopolyploid speciation, and track the mode and rate of allopolyploid genome evolution. We will take an integrative approach that will combine methods of phylogenomics (RADseq and HybSeq techniques of next generation sequencing, complemented by microsatellite markers), cytogenomics, flow cytometry, morphometrics and ecological niche modeling. Bringing together data from diverse sources provides complementary views and different perspectives on the patterns and processes studied. Our studies, focusing on several unrelated species groups, will also include a comparative aspect, go beyond species- or genus-specific patterns, and attempt to infer common and general mechanisms of reticulate evolution in plants.

REFLECT - Revolutionizing the Future: Enhancing Forest Biomass Mapping and Carbon Sequestration Estimation through Remote Sensing Technologies

Revolučná budúcnosť: Zlepšovanie mapovania lesnej biomasy a odhadu viazania uhlíka pomocou technológií diaľkového prieskumu zeme.

Duration: 1. 3. 2025 - 28. 2. 2029
Evidence number:MVP VV 24-0412
Program: APVV
Project leader: RNDr. Šibík Jozef PhD.
Annotation:Mapping and monitoring the above-ground biomass (AGB) of forest stands are critical for understanding and mitigating climate change, supporting sustainable development, and meeting human needs. Accurate AGB estimation helps in carbon cycle monitoring, policy-making, and sustainable forest management. The primary goals of the REFLECT project when identifying, designing, verifying, and determining various aspects related to mapping and monitoring the above-ground biomass of forest stands are to improve quantification accuracy, support climate change mitigation, aid sustainable development, and enhance policy-making through advanced methodologies, remote sensing, and machine learning. This exploration is driven by advanced remote sensing methods known as Remote Sensing of the Earth (RSE). Building upon this foundation, the REFLECT project aims to integrate expertise in creating precise 3D spatial data with disciplines such as dendrology, botany, and the physiological processes within an ecosystem. The project recognizes the interconnectedness of the carbon cycle and various ecosystem components, emphasizing the holistic perspective required to understand these relationships in both space and time. This will be achieved through the use of new technologies and DPRS (Digital Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing) methods. The initial phase of the research focuses on experiments that generate spatial 3D data from different perspectives and scales. Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) is employed to create highly detailed and accurate environment models, while satellite image evaluation provides a broader view of large-scale ecosystems at the expense of lower detail. The spatial data will be complemented by integrated analytical tools for advanced measurements of CO₂ flux in forest ecosystems. By fusing data from various sources and encouraging interdisciplinary, convergent collaboration, the accuracy of biomass and carbon sequestration estimation can be improved to meet societal requirements. The overarching aim of the REFLECT project is to address a significant gap by developing a comprehensive methodology for quantifying carbon in ecosystems using RSE technologies that span from the lithosphere to the exosphere. By doing so, the project aims to contribute to global knowledge, facilitate interdisciplinary knowledge transfer, and advance forest ecosystem research in unexplored directions.

River corridors as a vector for the spread of non-native plants: spatio-temporal studies

Riečne koridory ako vektor šírenia nepôvodných rastlín: časovo-priestorové štúdie

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0022/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Ing. Hrivnák Richard DrSc.

Targeting the GH72 Family: Mechanisms of Action and Inhibition Strategies

Rodina GH72: Reakčný mechanizmus a inhibičné stratégie

Duration: 1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:APVV-24-0594
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Mravec Jozef PhD.

CWIK - A comprehensive chemical and synthetic biology toolkit for investigating plant cell wall interactome

Rozsiahly súbor nástrojov chemickej a syntetickej biológie na skúmanie interaktómu rastlinných bunkových stien

Duration: 1. 3. 2025 - 31. 3. 2026
Evidence number:09I01-03-V05-00010
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Mgr. Mravec Jozef PhD.
Annotation:The original aim of the ERC project CWIK was to establish a new technological platform for large-scale and detailed investigation of the complexity of the plant cell wall. This was to be achieved through the development of new creative tools, such as probes for monitoring and manipulating the three-dimensional structures and interactions of cell wall components for their functional analysis and for exploring new possibilities for their biotechnological exploitation. The objective of the bridging grant is to demonstrate the feasibility of some of the original aims, in particular the application of so-called click chemistry methods for crosslinking plant polymers and monitoring the physiological effects of such targeted manipulation, as well as the validation and characterization of novel detection probes based on DNA aptamers. The acquisition of important preliminary data, the presentation of results at international conferences, and the establishment of new international collaborations will help to prepare a new and improved application for an ERC Advanced Grant, as well as for other prestigious funding schemes such as the Human Frontier Science Program.

Fast-growing trees from the Salicaceae family and their potential in the remediation of sites contaminated with antimony and arsenic

Rýchlorastúce dreviny z čeľade Salicaceae a ich potenciál pri remediácii lokalít kontaminovaných antimónom a arzénom

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0047/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Vaculíková Miroslava PhD.
Annotation:The expansion of urban areas and the increase in industrial activities lead to a decrease in area of high-quality agricultural land. In addition, soil degraded by industrial activities and mining of mineral resources is often contaminated with heavy metals and toxic substances. As Slovakia was one of the important producers of antimony ore in the past, areas contaminated with antimony together with another frequently occurring element arsenic are a persistent problem nowadays. Some species of herbs and trees are able to colonize such areas and grow on them without major problems. Our goal is to characterize such woody plants, monitor the uptake and accumulation of Sb and As in their tissues, and discover the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of their adaptation to contamination in the environment. The outputs of the project can find application for the optimization of phytoremediation techniques on Sb/As contaminated soils in Slovakia and in the world.

SegDeepLearningF - Segmentation-based deep learning image analysis for nature protection

Segmentáciou obrazu determinované algoritmy hlbokého strojového učenia v ochrane prírody

Duration: 1. 3. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VV-MVP-24-0116
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Šibíková Mária PhD.
Annotation:The project is dedicated to the development of novel mathematical methods for geobotanical and phytogeographical research. By integrating Big Earth Observation (EO) data, high-performance segmentation algorithms, and novel deep learning-based methods, this project will contribute to our understanding of the environment and bolster efforts toward indispensable nature conservation and protection. This interdisciplinary approach promises to unlock new insights into the complex relationships between vegetation patterns, ecological processes, and the monitoring of environmental dynamics, facilitating the development of more informed and effective conservation strategies. Our particular aims consist of: 1. Development of a new mathematical model aimed at achieving real-time automatic identification of area boundaries for landscape elements, including protected habitats, agricultural fields, urban areas, and water bodies. This objective seeks to create a solution that seamlessly adapts to various types of EO data, such as satellite data (Sentinel-2, Landsat, and available commercial satellites), orthophoto data, unmanned aerial vehicle data, and LiDAR data. 2. Development of mathematical models for the computation of a new and unique feature space to enhance the capabilities of the deep learning algorithm. These models will be designed to identify and extract distinctive features from various types of landscape elements and EO data, enabling the algorithm to accurately differentiate between them. 3. Development of a new optimized deep learning algorithm for classification based on the Natural Numerical Network driven by the forward-backward graph diffusion. By incorporating new approaches, the algorithm will accurately identify landscape elements and compute relevancy maps highly efficiently. Through the use of created trained networks, the resulting relevancy maps will provide a deep insight into the occurrence of protected habitats with the highest biodiversity.

Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide: indispensable gaseous signaling molecules in plant defense responses to abiotic stress

Sírovodík a oxid dusnatý: nepostrádateľné plynné signálne molekuly v obranných reakciách rastlín na abiotický stres

Duration: 1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0059/24
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Tamás Ladislav PhD.
Annotation:Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO), small gaseous signaling molecules, are very likely involved in all developmental and stress-related processes in plants. Complex interconnection of different signaling pathways results in the both synergistic and antagonistic effect of H2S and NO; depending on their concentrations, cell type, redox status and phytohormones levels of plant cells. In order to gain more insight into the role of these signaling pathways in the response of barley root to stress conditions, the aim of the present project is the analysis of NO and H2S function in stress responses, using bioactive molecules to activate and/or to block some specific components of NO and H2S metabolic and signaling pathways. In addition, this approach may uncover the role of NO- and H2S-regulated physiological and biochemical processes involved in both defense and toxic responses of barley roots to unfavorable environmental conditions.

Driving Stability with Innovation: Improving Riffle Beetle Taxonomy using massive DNA barcoding data

Stabilita vďaka inováciám: Optimalizácia taxonómie chrobákov čeľade Elmidae vďaka využívaniu objemných DNA dát

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0111/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Čiampor Fedor PhD.
Annotation:Freshwater ecosystems, under siege from human activities, suffer alarming biodiversity loss, compromising its functioning and essential services. Recognizing this, efforts to understand and protect freshwater biodiversity are crucial for conservation, ensuring ecosystem resilience for future generations. The Elmidae riffle beetles, key freshwater inhabitants, encompass ~1500 species in >150 genera but the taxonomy of the group is not stable and much of the diversity of the family is still undescribed. Their classification mostly relied on morphology, which, though essential, has limitations and can be misleading. DNA barcoding and high-throughput sequencing offer rapid species delimitation and phylogeny reconstruction, transforming our understanding of Elmidae diversity and evolution. The project aims to stabilize the system of the family, define problematic genera unambiguously and improve the knowledge of species diversity using DNA data generated by modern NGS sequencing techniques.

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Štipendiá ponúkané v rámci bilaterálnych programov spolupráce na akademický rok 2025/2026

Duration: 1. 10. 2025 - 31. 7. 2026
Program: Iné projekty
Project leader: Mgr. Bielikova Olena PhD.

Elucidating the dynamics of the cell wall during somatic embryogenesis with the use of novel probes

Štúdium dynamiky bunkovej steny v procese somatickej embryogenézy pomocou nových molekulárnych prób

Duration: 1. 3. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:09I03-03-V02-00005
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Ing. Heldesová Katarína
Annotation:The project is focused on supporting research activities during the doctoral studies of the investigator. Its aim is to investigate cell wall dynamics during developmental processes such as somatic embryogenesis and root hair growth, using a combination of in situ and in vitro approaches. An integral part of the project is the development of new molecular probes for the detection of pectin in the cell wall.

Study of hydrolases involved in digestion in carnivorous plants of the genus Drosera

Štúdium hydroláz zúčastňujúcich sa procesov trávenia v mäsožravých rastlinách rodu Drosera

Duration: 1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0021/24
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Ing. Libantová Jana CSc.
Annotation:Carnivorous plants, including species of the genus Drosera, use a mixture of enzymes secreted by stalked glands of the leaf cuticle - the tentacles - to digest their prey. The proposed project involves the analysis of leaf proteins, including those involved in digestion, by a proteomic approach. Based on this, we will select a new hydrolase for more detailed study. Available orthologous gene sequences of related plant species will be used for primer design, and then the gene fragment and the complete gene will be isolated by PCR. The expression profile of the gene under investigation in the individual organs of Drosera plants will also be analysed. The project also includes the introduction of a eukaryotic expression system for the production and characterisation of proteins with post-translational modifications. Based on the results of previous research, some additional enzyme characteristics of purified chitinases and glucanases from carnivorous plants with potential for biotechnology will be investigated.

POLINES - Bees cannot make it all - DNA metabarcoding analysis of pollinator biodiversity for improving their protection and ecosystem services

Včely všetko nestihnú – DNA metabarkódingová analýza biodiverzity opeľovačov pre zlepšenie ich ochrany a ekosystémových služieb

Duration: 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:APVV-21-0386
Program: APVV
Project leader: RNDr. Čiampor Fedor PhD.
Annotation:According to many sources, we are witnessing a massive loss of biodiversity, with potentially catastrophic consequences for humanity. Pollinators, which are indispensable for agriculture, nutrition, ecosystems functioning and maintenance of their services, are also critically endangered. However, the real diversity of pollinators and the composition of their communities are unknown and without relevant data, their effective conservation is not possible. We therefore need to significantly improve knowledge and innovate biodiversity research practices. Conventional methods are lengthy, costly and error-prone, which reduces the predictive value of the results. DNA (meta)barcoding is now revolutionising our ability to assess biodiversity across a range of habitats. The approach is efficient and easy to implement, making it a 21st century tool for large-scale biodiversity research and monitoring. The project builds on recent advances in DNA metabarcoding of biota and uses DNA data analysis in combination with environmental factors to assess the biodiversity status of pollinators. Environmental DNA (eDNA) from flowers will also be used, which is a unique and innovative approach to biodiversity surveys of this important group of animals so far. The main objectives of the project are (a) DNA metabarcoding analysis of pollinator biodiversity associated with three model crops (oilseed rape, poppy, apple), (b) estimation of the impact of environmental factors on pollinator diversity, (c) estimation of the impact of pollinator biodiversity on crop yields, and (d) significant addition of unique pollinator fauna data to reference DNA barcoding databases. The outputs of the project will improve the general knowledge of biodiversity, enhance the possibilities for routine application of DNA methods in the future and provide a knowledge base for more effective informed decision making in the context of adaptation to climate change and sustainable development.

Inland saline habitats in Central Europe: islands of specific diversity in the midst of changes of natural ecosystems

Vnútrozemské slaniská strednej Európy: ostrovy špecifickej diverzity v čase výrazných zmien prírodného prostredia

Duration: 1. 1. 2024 - 31. 12. 2027
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0019/24
Program: VEGA
Project leader: RNDr. Dítě Daniel PhD.
Annotation:The proposal follows up on the results of a long-term research on inland saline habitats in the Pannonian Lowland and adjacent regions in central Europe. We aim to detect the main causes of spatio-temporal vegetation changes in time intervals of 5 to 20 years from regional scale to the entire Pannonian area. We evaluate the impact of land use and restoration activities on saline vegetation obtained from data from a baseline study on permanent plots in several sites across the Podunajská nížina Lowland (Slovakia). Furthermore, we delineate the borders of halophytic vegetation within the contact plant communities of all habitat types, which is required to explicitly describe the content of these European priority habitats threatened by land use changes. Finally, an insectological survey about the distribution and ecological relationships of orthopteran assemblages indicating natural saline grasslands aims to fill a research gap in the plant-fauna interactions, focused on the less explored Pannonian subregions.

MycoRock - Influence of habitat heterogeneity on composition of root-associated mycobiome in temperate rocky habitats

Vplyv rôznorodosti prostredia na zloženie hubových spoločenstiev kolonizujúcich korene rastlín v temperátnych skalných stanovištiach

Duration: 1. 9. 2025 - 31. 8. 2029
Evidence number:APVV-24-0473
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Caboň Miroslav PhD.
Annotation: Rocky habitats in temperate regions are harsh environments due to sun exposure combined with extreme temperature changes, limited water availability, and poorly developed soil. They support highly specialized plant communities and serve as diversity refugies for numerous endemic and relict species. The survival of rocky plants in such stressful environments is critically influenced by interactions with their root mycobiome (fungal community). Some fungi exhibit exceptional adaptation to rocky habitats, where they play a crucial role in nutrient cycling. However, their composition can be significantly shaped by soil properties and site characteristics. The interactions between the mycobiome and the rhizosphere of rock-dwelling vascular plants in isolated rocky habitats of temperate regions remain largely unexplored. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and metagenomics have revolutionized mycobiome characterization and allow effective assessment of cryptic diversity of soil organisms. This project focuses on analyzing the root-associated mycobiome (RAM) of vascular plants in exposed temperate rocky habitats of Central Europe. We aim to investigate how variations in bedrock type, site heterogeneity, and host identity shape the mycobiome under extreme ecological conditions. The project integrates metabarcoding analysis of RAM in native saxicolous plants with assessments of biological fungal traits indicating their ecological function. Additionally, we will conduct controlled cultivation experiments to experimentally validate the observed mycobiome shifts.

Let's return flowers to meadows - changes and ecological restoration of the diversity of rare grassland biotopes of European importance

Vráťme kvety na lúky – zmeny a ekologická obnova diverzity vzácnych lúčnych biotopov európskeho významu

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0062/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Vantarová Katarína PhD.

Developing leaf traps of carnivorous sundews: Source of unique hydrolases with a high potential in biotechnology

Vývin listových pascí mäsožravých rastlín rosičky: Zdroj unikátnych hydroláz s možnosťami využitia v biotechnológiách

Duration: 1. 9. 2024 - 30. 6. 2028
Evidence number:APVV-23-0448
Program: APVV
Project leader: Ing. Libantová Jana CSc.

ApFlax - Development of an aptamer-based approach for studying flax fibre cell wall diversity

Vývoj prístupu pre štúdium diverzity bunkovej steny ľanového vlákna založeného na aptaméroch

Duration: 1. 7. 2024 - 30. 6. 2026
Evidence number:09I03-03-V04-00525
Program: Plán obnovy EÚ
Project leader: Ing. Harenčár Ľubomír PhD.
Annotation:One of the possible strategies for sustainability is to find new ways of utilizing underappreciated native crops, which requires new analytical approaches. Linum usitatissimum L., as a multipurpose crop closely linked to Slovak culture, is a suitable candidate for describing the properties of the fibre cell wall using aptamers. Various analyses have been employed to assess the biodiversity of flax as well as to characterise cell wall properties. However, there is still a lack of novel effective tools for answering the questions: what distinguishes fibre and oil type of flax, and what role does the composition and structure of the cell wall play in this distinction? These answers are important not only for plant biology, as flax fibre is a great example of a non-conventional cell wall, but also for the production of high-quality flax fibre, especially in dual-purpose varieties. Current molecular probes for cell wall analysis have limitations in targeting a broad range of structures with precision. Aptamers, short single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules, are synthesized in vitro through SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment). While extensively applied in biomedical and environmental research, their use in cell wall research is emerging. The aim of this project is to develop novel respectively select existing aptamers specific to the flax fibre cell wall, which are capable of distinguishing between fibre- and oil-type flax, as well as quantifying and describing flax cell wall properties. Keywords: Carbohydrate synthesis, modification and turnover; Applied genetic engineering, transgenic organisms, recombinant proteins, biosensors; Agriculture related to crop production, applied plant biology; Linum usitatissimum L.; Aptamer

EVOPLROHA - The role of reproductive systems, hybridization, and symbiosis in the evolution and long-term survival of vascular plants in a rocky environment

Význam reprodukčných systémov, hybridizácie a symbiotickej asociácie pre evolúciu a prežívanie cievnatých rastlín v prostredí skalných biotopov

Duration: 1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027
Evidence number:APVV-22-0365
Program: APVV
Project leader: Mgr. Slovák Marek PhD.
Annotation:Non-forest rocky habitats represent ecological islands within the surrounding landscape, and despite their challenging environmental conditions, they are biodiversity hotspots, harboring exceptional species diversity and a high proportion of relic and endemic species. Nevertheless, due to their high inaccessibility, rocky plant species have received far less attention than their counterparts in adjacent ecosystems. Consequently, the mechanisms and factors underlying their adaptability and evolution have remained elusive, despite the fact that this knowledge is crucial for their conservation and long-term survival, particularly in light of global climatic changes. We plan to investigate the significance of selected intrinsic and extrinsic traits on long-lived shrubby species of the genus Daphne (Thymeleaceae) as a model system using cutting-edge techniques (RADseq-based genomics, metabarcoding, among others) combined with computer niche modeling, karyological, and morphological analyses. The major aims of this project are to compare the overall genetic structure and level of clonality of two rock specialists, D. arbuscula (West Carpathians) and D. petraea (Southern Alps), to the more common, still relic, and rare D. cneorum. We will also focus on the level of interspecific hybridization and introgression, as well as the diversity of mycorrhizal assemblages in the studied rock species, and develop hypotheses about their role in the adaptation and survival of both species in hostile rocky habitats. We hope that our investigation will provide novel information not only about the target species but also on the evolution and adaptation of rock-dwelling species to the challenging environment of mid-elevation altitudinal rocky habitats in the temperate zone. We believe that the project's outcomes will provide critical information for addressing conservation strategies and, thus, ensuring the long-term survival of these valuable and rare species of European flora.

Beyond the visible: Uncovering hidden diversity and recent speciation with phylogenomics

Za hranicou viditeľnosti: Objavovanie skrytej diverzity a nedávnej speciácie pomocou fylogenomiky

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0010/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Zozomová Judita PhD.
Annotation:Here we propose a project aimed at exploring the evolution of recently diverged and species-rich plant groups, which are characterized by extensive but poorly structured variation, ambiguous species delimitation, complicated reticulate and polyploid evolutionary history, and may also include cryptic diversity. We will take a phylogenomic approach and apply two efficient next-generation sequencing methods that allow us to generate and process data from hundreds to thousands of loci in the genome of a large number of individuals. Two cruciferous genera, Odontarrhena and Erysimum, will be used as model objects to uncover common evolutionary drivers characteristic of such groups, as well as unique and rare processes that may contribute to the broad range of factors shaping the diversity and evolution of recently diverged genera. The project has the potential to improve our assessment of true species diversity in Europe and contribute significantly to a better understanding of evolutionary processes in plants.

Representatives of the genus Crenotia A. Wojtal – an integrative approach to assessing their diversity in Slovakia

Zástupcovia rodu Crenotia A. Wojtal – integratívny prístup k hodnoteniu ich diverzity na Slovensku

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 1. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0064/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Mgr. Hindáková Alica PhD.

Invertebrate Diversity Change Over Decades: Assessing Temporal Changes in the Taxonomic and Functional Structure of Invertebrate Communities Using Historical Data

Zmena diverzity bezstavovcov v priebehu desaťročí: hodnotenie temporálnych zmien taxonomickej a funkčnej štruktúry spoločenstiev na podklade historických údajov

Duration: 1. 1. 2025 - 31. 12. 2028
Evidence number:VEGA 2/0087/25
Program: VEGA
Project leader: Ing. Čejka Tomáš PhD.

Projects total: 66