Project
Centre of Biosciences SAS
International Projects
Absorption, distribution, deposition and elimination of encapsulated form of thymol in rabbit organism.
Absorbcia, distribúcia, depozícia a eliminácia enkapsulovanej formy tymolu v organizme králikov.
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | Open Mobility |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Plachá Iveta PhD |
| Annotation: | To ensure effective therapeutic and nutritional dosage of herbal additives, scientists have focused their attention on biotransformation processes, absorption, distribution and deposition of their compounds in animal organism. Thymol, a major compound of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), exhibits strong beneficial properties related to its phenolic structure. To describe the metabolic processes of thymol in an organism, we chose the rabbit as a model animal because it represents an appropriate model for the evaluation of the bioavailability of nutrients. In that, thymol is very volatile and evaporates quickly during feed processing, we decided to use more stable pelleted form of thymol, which allows its release in the small intestine, where main biotransformation processes are presented. |
How can biotransformation processes of thymol affect "gut health" in animal organism
Ako ovplyvňujú biotransformačné procesy tymolu "zdravie čreva" u zvierat.
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | Open Mobility |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Plachá Iveta PhD |
| Annotation: | Currently, the widespread antibiotic resistance presents a global health problem, and it has forced researchers to return to the pre-antibiotic era. For this reason, the development of new drugs of natural origin presents a big challenge for scientists. Thymus vulgaris (thyme) has started receiving major attention either as dried leaves or its essential oil, as often demonstrated its beneficial properties. Since there is a lack of detailed information on thymol metabolism within the animal organism, further research should be done to establish the relation between its concentration and biological role to optimise its effect on animal health, before recommending the application of thymol to farm animals generally. |
ANDRONET - European Andrology Network – Research Coordination, Education And Public Awareness
Európska sieť pre andrológiu – koordinácia výskumu, vzdelávania a verejného povedomia
| Duration: | 27. 10. 2021 - 26. 10. 2025 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Antalíková Jana PhD. |
| Annotation: | ANDRONET aims to boost research collaboration, education and public awareness in andrology, a field of science that deals with male health. Currently there are no European- or world-wide networks through which researchers and clinicians in andrology can interact. The need for such a network is urgent due to the increasing incidence of infertility and testicular cancer, worrying reports of an association of poor reproductive function with poor health, and male predisposition to serious diseases, including Covid-19, leading to shorter life expectancy in men. Male infertility is common, but the patients are currently treated through assisted reproduction technology with primary burden on women. The aetiology of male reproductive problems is heterogeneous and comprises complex interactions between multiple genes and epigenetic factors, with largely unknown impact of environmental factors including infections. This COST Action proposes to increase multidisciplinary research collaboration and data exchange among andrology centres, and transfer of knowledge to European countries with less developed research. The initial consortium includes centres comprising complementary clinical and research expertise at a very high level, but ANDRONET will expand to reach a critical mass necessary for obtaining new knowledge and its possible commercial exploitation across Europe. ANDRONET aims to improve professional education in andrology which is fragmented among several medical branches and will contribute to the recognition of andrology as a medical subspecialty at European level. ANDRONET will strive to properly inform the public with evidence-based knowledge and thereby increase awareness of increasing male health problems and contribute to development of preventive measures. |
| Project web page: | https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA20119/ |
ENOVAT - European Network for Optimization of Veterinary Antimicrobial Treatment
Európska sieť pre optimalizáciu veterinárnej antimikrobiálnej liečby
| Duration: | 15. 11. 2019 - 14. 11. 2023 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava PhD |
GenE-Humdi - Genome Editing to Treat Humans Diseases
Liečba chorôb modifikáciou genómu
| Duration: | 15. 9. 2022 - 14. 9. 2026 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu DrSc |
MedPlants4Vet - Medicinal plants for animal health care: Translating tradition into modern veterinary medicine;
Medicinálne rastliny v starostlivosti o zdravie zvierat: prechod z tradičnej na modernú veterinárnu medicínu.
| Duration: | 12. 10. 2023 - 11. 10. 2027 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Plachá Iveta PhD |
| Annotation: | The COST Action MedPlants4Vet will create an unprecedented European network of scientists and young researchers and stimulate research activities in different fields of phytochemistry, ethno- and phytopharmacology, pharmacognosy and clinical trials. |
| Project web page: | https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA22109/ |
Molecular and physiological properties of honeybee royal jelly proteins
Molekulárne a fyziologické vlastnosti proteínov včelej materskej kašičky
| Duration: | 1. 4. 2021 - 31. 3. 2024 |
| Program: | Bilaterálne - iné |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Bíliková Katarína PhD. |
| Annotation: | Study of physiologically active proteins and peptides of honeybee products, especially honeybee jelly and honey, with the aim of applying the results of the research in human medicine and nutrition |
EpiLipidNET - Pan-European Network in Lipidomics and Epilipidomics
Paneurópska sieť pre lipidomiku a epilipidomiku
| Duration: | 13. 10. 2020 - 12. 10. 2024 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Balážová Mária PhD. |
| Annotation: | Lipids represent a wide variety of molecules that play different biological roles such as energy resources, structural components or signaling molecules that regulate metabolic homeostasis. Most notably, lipids and oxidatively modified lipids have been found to be involved in regulating important mechanisms mediating tissue injury, inflammation, and related non-communicable diseases, which are responsible for near 70% of all deaths in developed countries. Lipidomics and Epilipidomics are the most promising strategies for the progress in the knowledge of lipids, aiming at biomarker discovery for the prevention, early diagnosis, monitoring, evaluation of diseases therapeutics. These approaches involve the use of complex protocols, different instrumentation and processing huge amounts of data. Effectiveness, while reducing the high costs associated with these technologies, requires a harmonized multidisciplinary approach involving coordinated actions from pan-European centres of lipidomics investigation. This will avoid unnecessary redundancy, improving reproducibility and ensuring efficient and productive research. EpiLipidNET aims to build and maintain a multidisciplinary pan-European network of researchers, clinicians and enterprises working in the field of lipidomics and epilipidomics to boost a hub of research excellence, advanced knowledge and technology transfer, to promote high level of training for young researches and facilitate clinical translation. EpiLipidNet will include five interactive Working Groups covering analytical methods and computational approaches in (epi)Lipidomics, clinical significance and applications, lipid signaling and mechanisms of action, dissemination and outreach. |
| Project web page: | https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA19105/#tabs|Name:overview |
TRANSLACORE - Translational control in Cancer European Network
Translačná kontrola v európskej onkologickej sieti
| Duration: | 4. 10. 2022 - 3. 10. 2026 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Messingerová Lucia PhD. |
LIFT - Lifting farm animal lives – laying the foundations for positive animal welfare
Zlepšenie životov hospodárskych zvierat - položenie základov pre pozitívne životné podmienky zvierat
| Duration: | 4. 11. 2022 - 3. 11. 2026 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Košťál Ľubor CSc. |
| Annotation: | The main aim and objective of the Action is to define and conceptualise positive animal welfare, to identify valid methodologies to assess positive animal welfare, to assess the understanding and acceptance of this concept, and to suggest potential animal- and resource-based indicators of positive welfare to be monitored on farm. |
| Project web page: | https://www.cost.eu/actions/CA21124/ |
BETTER - Biosecurity enhanced through training evaluation and raising awareness
Zvýšenie biosekurity v živočíšnej produkcii zvyšovaním povedomia a metód biokontroly pre redukciu rizík vzniku a šírenia infekčných ochorení.
| Duration: | 21. 10. 2021 - 20. 10. 2025 |
| Program: | COST |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Lauková Andrea CSc. |
| Annotation: | Biosecirity is a paramount importance to prevent the introduction and spread of pathogens and, consequently, to preserve health of farmed animals. Healthier animals result in better animal wellfere, better sustainability of animal production systems and less antimicrobial use. Despite these benefits, biosecurity is limited by different factors: lack of knowledge on ways for improvement, especially in extensive systems or settings with low resources, shortage of adequate ways to enhance communication, diversity methodologies and their cost-effectiveness, low number of trained professionals. To approach these challanges, project will evaluate how biosecurity is currently used and will use participative approaches to understand motivators and barriers for biosecurity implementation. Action will also compare existing methods and will identify which points has to be more trained and will develop courses for increase of professionals. Action will recommend priority research areas for future biosecurity improvement in animal production systems which will be reached via transdisciplinary group of investigators. |
National Projects
Nano-Neuro-Plast - Activation of the VGF/BDNF/TrkB pathway by synthetic mRNA encapsulated in polyplex nanoparticles: effects on neural excitability, neuroplasticity and animal behavior
Aktivácia VGF/BDNF/TrkB dráhy syntetickou mRNA zapúzdrenou v polyplexových nanočasticiach: účinky na nervovú excitabilitu, neuroplasticitu a správanie zvierat
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu DrSc |
| Annotation: | Neuroplasticity is the ability of the central nervous system (CNS) to change and adapt throughout the life through its structural and/or functional reorganization. Brain plasticity is essential for the normal CNS function, while several CNS disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia, are accompanied by decreased neuroplasticity. Neurotrophic growth factors, such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), VGF, and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) play a key role in neuroplasticity. We will examine, for the first time, the effect of a non-invasive intra-CNS delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding these factors on neuronal excitability, plasticity, and animal behavior. Fluorescently labeled mRNA will be encapsulated in polyplex nanomicelles and administered intranasally. The incorporation of mRNA within the CNS will be assessed using STED microscopy. The effect of the exogeneous growth factor mRNA will be examined on neuronal excitability using in vitro and in vivo electrophysiology, on neurogenesis using the fluorescent immunohistochemical staining, on dendrito- and synaptogenesis using electron microscopy, on endogenous mRNA and protein expression-using the real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, and on intracellular calcium signaling using the method of planar lipid membranes. The effect of exogenous growth factor mRNA on the specific characteristic of animal behavior (cognition, social interacting, and anxiety) will be attested using appropriate behavioral tests. We expect that the polyplex nanomicelles to be designed will deliver mRNA encoding neurotrophic factors to the deep brain areas, with subsequent induction of pro-neuroplastic, pro-cognitive, anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects. This non-invasive way of administration of a therapeutic mRNA into the brain might be used in the future as a next generation treatment strategy in depressive and psychotic disorders. |
Bacteriocins and their use to reduce spoilage microbiota in animal husbandry
Bakteriocíny a ich využitie na redukciu nežiaducej mikrobioty v chove zvierat
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Pogány Simonová Monika PhD |
| Annotation: | Methicillin resistance in staphylococci has had problem occuring also in animal production. Reduction and/or elimination of methicillin resistant (MetR) staphylococci in healthy breed is problem due to their multiresistance. However, utilization of antimicrobial proteinaceous substances –enterocins with a broad inhibition spectrum (produced by some strains of the genus Enterococcus) could be a promising way. In this basic research project will be therefore investigated inhibition activity of enterocins (characterized at our workplace) against a terget of faecal microbiota with impact on MetR and biofilm-forming staphylococci from various animals. Testing will be provided under in vitro as well as in vivo conditions; effect of enterocins against selected MetR strains will be verified in a model experiment by using experimental (mice) or farming (broiler rabbit) animals. |
Bioactive oils in the therapy of microbial infections on avian chorioallantoic membrane
Bioaktívne oleje v terapii mikrobiálnych infekcií na modeli aviárnej chorioalantoickej membrány
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Máčajová Mariana PhD. |
| Annotation: | The treatment of various microbial and yeast infections is currently a major challenge in veterinary medicine. For breeders, some diseases such as mastitis, trichophytia or onychomycosis are often eradicating. Because of frequent antibiotic resistance, other treatments are emerging. In our project we will develop an in vivo model for the research of yeast and bacterial infections. We will use quail and turkey chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) to test the effects of various drugs and treatments. After validation and optimization of the model, we will topically apply bioactive substances in various concentrations and monitor their antimicrobial and biological effect. We will also monitor the additive effect of PDT using curcumin and hypericin. Angiogenic changes, expression of selected genes, histological and immunohistochemical changes after application of the substances will be examined. The obtained results will be useful in the treatment of yeast and microbial infections in animals and humans. |
GLYCO4BIO - Biochip systems for targeted glycan analysis of biomarkers for biomedical and biotechnological applications
Biočipové systémy na cielenú glykánovú analýzu biomarkerov pre biomedicínske a biotechnologické aplikácie
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Sulová Zdena DrSc. |
| Annotation: | The GLYCO4BIO project focuses on research and development of analytical systems based on microarray biochips enabling targeted and high-throughput glycoprofiling and their use in biomedicine and biotechnology. This is a strongly interdisciplinary research with a high degree of innovation, especially in the field of construction and application of original biochip devices on the microarray platform. New systems for analyzing glycan structures in various types of biological samples will be developed, verified and validated, such as a high-performance microfluidic reflectometric label-free microarray system, and an on-chip glycoprofiling platform combining microarray and MS technology. The expected benefit of the presented project is mainly in the development of innovative biochip systems for targeted glycorecognition based on modern technologies and their use in biomedicine, biotechnology, the study of biointeractions and in the analysis and screening of biomarkers. The systems will be applied, for example, in the research and detection of biomarkers of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), cancer, gestational diabetes, in oncological research, as well as in the development and characterization of the therapeutic proteins. The developed biochip systems significantly outperform traditional techniques and have a high potential for their translation into clinical analysis. The expected results of the project will improve and expand the possibilities of diagnostics and therapy, and significant benefits are also expected in the expansion of knowledge in the field of biomedical research, glycoproteomics and biotechnology. |
Nutritional and health biomarkers in farm animals
Biomarkery nutričného a zdravotného statusu hospodárskych zvierat
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Grešáková Ľubomíra PhD. |
| Annotation: | Proposal project is focused on the investigation of appropriate dietary and health biomarkers reflecting the dietary intake, nutritional status and biological effects of feed additives used in animal nutrition. Nutritional biomarkers are biochemical, functional, or clinical indices of animal status that reflect nutrient exposure (recent or long term), nutritional status depending on digestibility, absorption and utilisation of dietary nutrient, and nutrient metabolism/effect in animal body. Effective gastrointestinal functionality is crucial in determining animal health, welfare and performance, therefore we will focus on the biomarker determination of gastrointestinal functionality. The suitability of selected biomarkers will be tested in experiments by animal feed supplementation. The experiments will be aimed to improve the mineral status and optimize digestive processes in poultry and sheep to minimize the environmental pollution by the reduction of methanogenesis and excretion of heavy metals. |
Biotechnological potential of nonconventional yeast in the production of squalene
Biotechnologický potenciál netradičných kvasiniek z hľadiska produkcie skvalénu
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Garaiová Martina PhD. |
| Annotation: | Ergosterol biogenesis in yeast has been studied so far mainly in Saccharomyces cerevisiae traditionally used in basic research and industry. It is quite surprising that very little is known about sterol homeostasis even in the large group of so-called nonconventional oleagionus yeasts utilized as producing organisms for various valuable lipids. The project is aimed at the study of sterol homeostasis in oleaginous yeasts Yarrowia lipolytica and Rhodosporidium toruloides and on the role of lipid droplets in this process. Using the methods of metabolic engineering we will evaluate the potential of these yeasts in production of squalene, a precursor in ergosterol biosynthesis with applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutic industry. We will also try to identify other nonconventional yeast species able to accumulate high amounts of squalene. The results of the project should contribute to the extension of the basic knowledge about the mechanisms and biotechnological applications of lipid accumulation in yeasts. |
Diagnostic of oncological diseases using aptasensors: development and validation
Diagnostika onkologických ochorení pomocou aptasenzorov: vývoj a validácia
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra PhD. |
| Annotation: | DNA aptamers, also referred to as DNA antibodies, are short single-stranded sections of DNA that form spatial structures that allow high-affinity to interact with receptors and other biomolecules. The project aims to develop and validate a new diagnostic method that utilizes the unique affinity properties of DNA aptamers for the early detection of cancer. In terms of project aims, we will analyze the molecular mechanisms of interactions between DNA aptamers and specific markers found on the surface of the tumor cells. We plan to use a sensitive method of quartz crystal microbalances (QCM), which allows real-time monitoring of interactions. For practical use, we plan to prepare conjugates of selected aptamers and gold nanoparticles depending on their physicochemical parameters and their interaction with neoplastic cells. We have the ambition to identify factors currently limiting the wider use of aptamers and aptamer-modified nanoparticles in clinical practice and contribute to their elimination. |
Characterization of excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the brain areas relevant for development of social behaviour in the autismrelated model
Charakterizácia excitačných a inhibičných neurónov v oblastiach mozgu doležitých pre vývin sociálneho správania v modeli autizmu
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Jurkovičová Tarabová Bohumila PhD. |
RENASTHERA - Novel renal antisense therapy platform for CKD
Inovatívna antisense terapeutická platforma pre CKD - chronické ochorenie obličiek
| Duration: | 1. 8. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra PhD. |
| Annotation: | Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with its progressive nature towards end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a lethal and rapidly progressing severe health complication associated with significantly decreased quality of life and high mortality rates. Strikingly, despite the progress made in early-diagnostics of CKD, state-of-the-art therapeutics do not significantly decrease the risk of renal and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates in CKD patients which remain devastatingly high. This fact highlights an urgent need not only for novel therapeutics but also for the implementation of progressive experimental and clinical tools into translational drug discovery. In this context, the proposed RENASTHERA project offers a novel therapeutic solution to stop progressive renal function loss. This solution is based on a patented method of nucleic acid inhibition. Periostin, a 90 kDa secreted protein was identified as a key player in CKD development, inhibition of which effectively prevented CKD progression. The design, synthesis, and functional validation of an RNA inhibitor specifically designed for periostin RNA is thus the clearly defined scope of the proposed RENASTHERA project. |
Smart deep brain stimulation as a treatment strategy in treatment-resistant depression
Inteligentná hĺbková mozgová stimulácia ako inovatívna stratégia pre liečbu mozgových porúch
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | MMedSc Dremencov Eliyahu DrSc |
| Annotation: | Impaired connectivity between different brain areas underlines pathophysiology of multiple brain disorders. It is possible that impaired connectivity between prefrontal cortex and ventral pallidum is involved in depression. Smart deep brain simulation, combining real-time detection of the neuronal activity in in prefrontal cortex with the stimulation of ventral tegmental area, might be thus an effective in depression. We aim to examine the cortico-tegmental connectivity and to test the antidepressant-like effectiveness of the smart deep brain stimulation in an animal model of depression. |
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Interakcia mitochondriálneho chloridového kanálu s translokátorovým proteínom
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Ševčíková Tomášková Zuzana PhD. |
Interactions of mitochondrial genomes
Interakcie mitochondriálnych genómov
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia PhD. |
| Annotation: | Evolution and the origin of new species can be studied experimentally in yeasts, where new species arise in the process of speciation from interspecific hybrids. Hereby the crucial role play “out of tune” nucleo-mitochondrial interactions. Our aim is to use a number of hybrids with recombined mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and known sequence to complete the aims from previous projects as well as to elucidate: (i) nucleo-mitochondrial interactions in interspecific hybrids; (ii) the nature of gain-of-function mutations that allow the cell to adapt to foreign mtDNA; (iii) whether mitochondrial protein synthesis is required to maintain complete mitochondrial genomes; (iv) to obtain evidence for the species-specific gene order in mtDNA and for the existence of recombined mtDNAs in nature; (v) to investigate the possibility of rearranging of the gene order in mtDNA; (vi) to investigate the possibility of communication in yeast mitochondria through small proteins encoded by the genes for mitochondrial ribosomal RNAs. |
The skin microbiome in dogs under physiological and pathological conditions
Kožný mikrobióm psov za fyziologických a patologických podmienok
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Strompfová Viola DrSc. |
| Annotation: | The complex community of microorganisms involved in important physiological functions, such as the biosynthesis of vitamins and amino acids or modulation of immune responses, is present not only in the gastrointestinal tract but also on the surface of intergumentary system in both humans and animals. Seeing that it is organ continually exposed to environmental conditions, many factors can contribute to the development of dysbiosis leading to various dermatological problems very frequent in dogs nowdays. However, knowledge about the composition, diversity and functions of skin microbiota in dogs is negligible. The aim of this project will be the taxonomic characterization of skin microbiota detected using cultivation and next-generation sequencing, focusing on healthy individuals and individuals with various skin diseases predominantly of infectious and immune character. The possibilities of optimizing/stabilizing bacterial skin colonization for maintenance of physiological skin functions will also be tested. |
Kryofertilita - Cryopreservation of cattle gametes and embryos for gene banking
Kryouchovávanie gamét a embryí hovädzieho dobytka pre účely génovej banky
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Antalíková Jana PhD. |
| Annotation: | Cryopreservation and subsequent long-term preservation of gametes from genetically significant individuals of different livestock breeds play an important role in solving the issue of preserving animal gene resources. The methods of freezing of oocytes and ovarian tissues must ensure their good quality and viability after thawing. In our previous studies, we tested the in vitro cryopreservation procedure of mature bovine oocytes, which proved to be more successful compared to freezing of ovarian fragments containing follicles with immature oocytes. However, due to the high variability of results after in vitro fertilization of thawed oocytes, this strategy requires further optimization. The project will be focused on increasing the survival of oocytes after thawing and minimizing freezing damages to oocytes, as well as on promoting cell division and development of preimplantation embryos in vitro derived from frozen oocytes. In this concern, besides optimizing the cryopreservation regime, we plan to modify the culture conditions by using special additives to the culture media (antioxidants, growth factors, etc.). It is expected that optimization of the methods would ensure greater cryotolerance of bovine oocytes and in vitro produced embryos for gene bank preservation purposes. |
Punicic acid: production and mechanisms of its action in yeasts
Kyselina puniková: produkcia a mechanizmy jej účinku v kvasinkách
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Holič Roman PhD. |
| Annotation: | Punic acid (18: 3Delta9cis, 11trans, 13cis) is the major constituent of triacylglycerols in pomegranate seed oil. It is characterized by a wide range of bioactive effects including currently highly attractive anti-cancer properties. Mechanisms of its action are unknown. The project is focused on the examination of its heterologous production and lipotoxicity in yeasts. Punicic acid production will be achieved by heterologous expression of two pomegranate genes involved in its biosynthesis. Project will focus on distribution of punicic acid in the cell, its effect on cell division, and mechanisms facilitating its efficient storage in the form of storage lipids. The acquired knowledge will contribute to the elucidation of anticancer effects of punicic acid and identification of factors necessary for its overproduction in yeast. Obtained results can be applied also in biotechnological production of other unusual fatty acids in microorganisms. |
NONBOVQUAL - Evaluation method of raw goat milk microbiological quality and use of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria at non-bovine Milk processing
Metóda pre hodnotenie mikrobiologickej kvality surového kozieho mlieka a aplikácia autochtónnych kyslomliečnych baktérií pri spracovaní nebovinných mliek
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Lauková Andrea CSc. |
| Annotation: | The aim of the project submitted is to increase products quality made from non-bovine milks (ewes and goat). The value of total cell count in non bovine milk is their basic statutory indicator. In the past, a speedy routine method based on laser flow cytometry was introduced in Slovak practice for microbiolgical quality evaluation of raw ewes milk. This method proved to be beneficial for ewes milk producers and processors. However, for the evaluation of raw goat milk quality, solely the lenghty assigned cultivation method is still used. Therefore, the project aims to design a conversion formula specific for Slovakia to measure raw goat milk microbiological quality mean of laser flow cytometry method to CFU/ml which are used for statutory limits, and to the implementation of this method in practice as an accredited and authorized methods. For the improvement of dairy products quality based on non-bovine milks speedy methods which allow the separation of milk worth insufficient quality, do not constitute the only important condition. The other important condition consists in biological/bioprocessal methods of spoilage microbiota elimination during milk processing itself. Therefore, the subsequent aim of the project is the utilization of autochthonous beneficial, bacteriocin-producing lactic aicd bacteria strains with bacteriocin activity in products produced from non-bovine milks up to the implementation of such procedures in dairy processing. |
Modulation of neuronal excitability by homocysteine
Modulácia neuronálnej excitability homocysteínom
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | prof. RNDr. Lacinová Ľubica DrSc. |
| Annotation: | Homocysteine (Hcy) is an intermediate of methionine metabolism physiologically presents in the plasma of healthy humans. Abnormally high plasma level of Hcy results in a metabolic condition called hyperhomocysteinemia (hhc). It is related to cardiovascular and neurological disorders including dementia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and peripheral neuropathy. We will analyse the effect of hhc on the modulation of neuronal excitability at the level of single neurons and neuronal networks. Alteration of voltage-activated Na+, K+, and Ca2+ currents and ligand-gated glutamate and GABA receptors will be investigated in cultured primary thalamic neurons. The involvement of Ca2+ channel isoforms will be assessed in detail with the aim to clarify the underlying mechanisms. Finally, complex effects of changes in voltage- and ligand-gated channels on action potential firing will be characterized. The project will contribute to understand the mechanisms underlying neuropathologies related to hhc. |
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Molekulárne mechanizmy interakcie signálnych dráh kortikosteroidov a monoamínov v kardio- a neuropatológiách vyvolaných stresom
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta PhD. |
IZOTIOVIVO - Molecular mechanisms of trialkyl-/triaryltin isothiocyanates' and carboxylates' antitumour properties - novel ligands of nuclear retinoid X receptors in rat mammary gland carcinomas and human tumour cell lines
Molekulárne mechanizmy protinádorových vlastností trialkyl- /triarylcíničitých izotiokyanátov a karboxylátov, nových ligandov jadrových retinoidných X receptorov v karcinómoch mliečnej žľazy potkana a v ľudských nádorových bunkách prsníka
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Šereš Mário PhD. |
| Annotation: | Organometallic compounds, on account of their structural diversity, are applied in human oncology in the treatment of cancer. Triorganotin derivatives showed significant cytotoxic properties. At the cellular level, they induce massive cell death in various types of cell cultures even at low concentrations and are able to activate the processes of apoptotic pathways, in which several molecular mechanisms play a role. A significant breakthrough in knowledge was our recent experimental confirmation of the ability of molecules of triorganotin compounds to bind to nuclear retinoid X receptors, and thus function as potent agonists. The aim of the present project is to investigate the in vivo effects of tributyl/triphenyltin isothiocyanates in the process of chemical carcinogenesis of the mammary gland of female rats, which is based on our current results of in vitro experiments. Simultaneously, the research of antitumour properties of triorganotin compounds activating RXR-RAR heterodimers comprising novel RXR agonists based on triorganotin carboxylates, is envisaged. In vitro analyses of molecular mechanisms leading to inhibition of tumour cell growth or induction of apoptosis in the presence/absence of natural ligands of RAR receptors on human breast tumour cell lines: MCF-7 (non-invasive, ER positive), T47D (ER positive), MDA-MB-231 (invasive, triple negative) and MDA-MB-436 (invasive, ER negative, PR negative), will be accomplished. We also plan to achieve new data on the possible endocrine disruption of triorganotin compounds on the murine TM3 cell line and the human COV434 cell line representing the reproductive system. We assume that the presented project will gain new and original knowledge about the mechanism of the action of the studied substances through their binding and activation of nuclear receptors, their transactivation as well as crosslink with other signalling pathways that may contribute to the development of novel treatment options for breast cancer. |
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Mutácie asociované s Wolframovým syndrómom: rozdielne signálne dráhy v zmysle metabolizmu vápnika a funkcie mitochondria
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta PhD. |
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Na stope identity mitochondriálneho chloridového kanálu
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2023 - 30. 6. 2027 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Ševčíková Tomášková Zuzana PhD. |
HiVaLip - Nonconventional yeasts as producers of high value-added lipids
Nekonvenčné kvasinky ako producenty lipidov s vysokou pridanou hodnotou
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Holič Roman PhD. |
| Annotation: | In addition to traditional baker`s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae there is a large group of „nonconventional“ yeasts which have evolved specific metabolic adaptations enabling them to utilize various growth substrates. An important group of nonconventional yeasts is represented by oleaginous yeasts which are able to accumulate high amount of lipids. Due to specific lipid metabolism and ability to utilize various cheap waste products as growth substrates, several nonconventional yeast species could be used for the production of high value-added lipids. The project is focused on the potential of nonconventional yeasts for the production of two such lipids – punicic acid and squalene. Punicic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the pomegranate seed oil. Squalene is a triterpenoid produced in eukaryotes as the intermediate in sterol synthesis. Both lipids show positive effects on human health and have thus high potential for the use in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries and as nutraceutics or additives to functional food and feedstuff. The project will focus on the effect of heterologous expression of genes from pomegranate on punicic acid production in the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and in two oleaginous yeasts Rhodotorula (Rhodosporidium) toruloides and Yarrowia lipolytica. Accumulation of squalene will be studied by applying the methods of metabolic engineering in R. toruloides and Y. lipolytica. An important aim of the project is also lipid metabolism and production of lipids in selected species of the genus Magnusiomyces and screening of nonconventional yeasts from yeast collections for their potential to produce high value-added lipids. In the identified species, the ability to utilize cheap waste substrates for growth will be determined. The results obtained within project implementation could thus extend the use of nonconventional yeasts in the biotechnological production of commercially valuable lipids. |
Novel antidepressant therapy - long term consequencies on offspring
Nová generácia antidepresív - dlhodobé účinky na potomstvo
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | prof. RNDr. Lacinová Ľubica DrSc. |
New generation of feed additives in animal nutrition.
Nová generácia kŕmnych aditív vo výžive zvierat.
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | MVDr. Plachá Iveta PhD |
| Annotation: | Recently, we have recorded a large number of scientific publications dedicated to the use of phytoadditives in animal nutrition. In particular those containing phenolic constituents with strong antioxidative properties. Most of the studies examined particularly the production performance. Whereas majority of scientific works is devoted to the commercial use only limited number of scientifically verified works is focused on the mechanism of action and metabolism of plant compounds. Based on our current knowledge we set a goal to research the metabolic biotransformation of the main bioactive component of Thymus vulgaris, thymol. The obtained results will enhance our current knowledge regarding its absorption and distribution in animal organism. The wide scientific community will be enriched by the results concerning the mechanism of action of main compounds of plant feed additives in animal organism as these knowledges are still lacking in scientific literature. |
A new insight at isothiocyanates as substances interfering with the homeostasis of neoplastically transformed cells
Nový pohľad na izotiokyanáty ako látky zasahujúce do homeostázy neoplasticky transformovaných buniek
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Imrichová Denisa PhD. |
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Nutraceutiká a ich medicínske a zdravotné výhody pre hospodárske zvieratá.
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | prof. MVDr. Faix Štefan DrSc. |
Omnipotence - Defense mechanisms of microbial and animal cells in reducing their sensitivity to plant defensive compounds
Obranné mechanizmy mikrobiálnych a živočíšnych buniek pri znižovaní ich citlivosti na rastlinné defenzné zlúčeniny
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Sulová Zdena DrSc. |
| Annotation: | Living organisms have developed during evolution different strategies for securing better position in the competition for vital sources. Biosynthesis of various biologically active substances enabled specific organisms to be more successful than others. Plant metabolites have important position among these substances. Many products of plant secondary metabolism are known as effective pharmacological tools. A widespread use of these plant products can be predicted in various applications in veterinary and human medicine, food safety, etc. These applications will depend on the development of knowledge in biosciences, to which the presented project aims to contribute. The ability to modify the structure of known substances of plant origin in the laboratory gives almost unlimited possibilities for the rational design of new biologically active structures. Therefore, we choose "OMNIPOTENCE" as the acronym of our project. The project is aimed primarily on several plant products and their semisynthetic analogues as possible tools for modulation of proliferation and phenotypes of neoplastic and microbial cells. Living cells have developed several defensive strategies against toxic attacks mediated by different substances. The ability to develop such strategies may be considered as a basal characteristic that enables the cell to survive in the hostile environment. In addition to response specific for various organisms, general strategies have developed during evolution that are functional in various types of living cells including mammalian neoplastically transformed cells, eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbial cells. The proposed project will focus on detailed analysis of the mechanisms how neoplastic mammalian and microbial cells respond to selected plant defensive substances and their semisynthetic derivatives. |
A pilot study of the selective effects of a new generation of RNA interfering agents at the cellular level
Pilotná štúdia selektívneho pôsobenia novej generácie RNA interferenčných agens na bunkovej úrovni
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Poturnayová Alexandra PhD. |
Brain plasticity associated with learned vocal communication in songbirds
Plasticita mozgu v spojení s naučenou vokálnou komunikáciou u spevavcov
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Niederová-Kubíková Ľubica PhD. |
| Annotation: | Neuroplasticity or brain plasticity is the ability of the brain to change as a result of experience or injury. Except of other factors, neuroplasticity is enabled by neurogenesis. Impaired neurogenesis is associated with cognitive decline, behavioral changes, depression, and various neurodegenerative diseases. One of the aspects that can influence neurogenesis, and thus learning, memory or the number of new neurons in an injured area, is the circadian clock. However, its presence in various species is not clearly established. Therefore, our first aim is to determine if there are circadian oscillations in the number of newborn cells in the brain of songbirds. Songbirds share with humans some traits of neurogenesis as well as the rare ability of vocal learning. Injury in one of the areas controlling song led to changes in cerebellum that has been not studied for vocal learning up to now. Thus, in the second part of the project we propose to study the function of cerebellum for the learned vocal communication. |
KINSPL - Post-translational regulation of pre-mRNA splicing factors
Posttranslačná regulácia faktorov zostrihu pre-mRNA
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia PhD. |
| Annotation: | Many splicing factors have been shown to be post translationally modified by phosphorylation, however, very little is known about the principles of this regulation. Additionally, linking protein kinases with functional consequences for the splicing factors they target is quite challenging. Recently, we performed systematic analysis of spliceosomal subcomplexes of fission yeast S. pombe and identified novel phosphomodifications of splicing factors. Phenotypic analysis of phospho-mimicking and phospho-null mutants of selected splicing factors revealed that their activities are robustly regulated by phosphorylation. Importantly, we identified several spliceosome-associated protein kinases which are likely to regulate the spliceosome through phosphorylation of splicing factors. In this project, we will continue in our effort and will study the dynamics of spliceosome phosphorylation. We will establish direct connections between splicing factors and the spliceosome-associated protein kinases. Affinity purification followed by advanced mass spectrometry and ATP analog-sensitive mutants of spliceosomeassociated protein kinases will be employed to characterize the dynamics of spliceosome phosphorylation. We will also analyse in detail the splicing alterations induced in splicing phosphomutants using RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses, and compare them with the alteration evoked after inhibition of spliceosome-associated protein kinases. This will allow us to identify specific phosphomodifications of splicing factors which are determinative for splicing transitions and coordinated regulation of splicing. It is widely accepted that studying the post-translational regulation of splicing is crucial to get better insight into the mechanisms regulating gene expression in normal and pathological states. Thus, understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of splicing factors will ultimately lead to approaches to correct or circumvent splicing-related diseases at the molecular level. |
ALTZINC - Potential and prospect of alternative zinc sources in animal nutrition
Potenciál a perspektíva alternatívnych zdrojov zinku vo výžive hospodárskych zvierat
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Čobanová Klaudia PhD. |
| Annotation: | The presented project proposal is focused on the use of various zinc nanoparticles and organic zinc sources as mineral supplements in animal nutrition and their effect on microelements absorption, retention, and utilisation in ruminants and poultry. Investigation of the effects of various dietary zinc sources on physiological processes and microbial parameters of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants and poultry should bring new principal results. In general, the experiments will be aimed at improving the mineral status and optimising digestive processes in farm animals in an effort to reduce zinc excretion and thus environmental pollution of minerals from animal production. Research on the distribution of specific zinc-containing metalloproteins in animal tissues and their dependence on appropriate delivery of zinc in the form with high bioavailability may provide us with new basic information which in turn may be useful in practice for better prevention of oxidative stress and its negative consequences. The impact of various zinc nanoparticles in the animal feed on the quality of products of animal origin will be investigated as well. The basic knowledge obtained by fulfilling of objectives of the proposed project should also lay the foundation for future applied research on the supplementation of feeds with bioavailable zinc sources in order to improve animal health and performance. |
LIPinINF - The potential role of valproic acid in attenuation of inflammation
Potenciálna úloha kyseliny valproovej v potlačení zápalu
| Duration: | 1. 8. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Balážová Mária PhD. |
| Annotation: | In the context of current SARS-CoV-2 infections and accompanying pulmonary complications, attention needs to be focused on all aspects of the respiratory system. The virus is causing damage to type II alveolar cells, thus drastically reducing the production of lung surfactant lipids and proteins that are essential for respiration and their secretion into alveolar space. Understanding the defense mechanisms of the lungs plays a crucial role in responding to infection. One of the critical consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The main objective of this project is to contribute to the knowledge about the potential use of valproic acid to induce the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol in the pulmonary surfactant. To answer specific questions, we will use three models differing in their complexity – yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), human tumor cell line (HAP1), and avian chorioallantoic membrane. We hypothesize that intracellularly increased phosphatidylglycerol level could suppress inflammatory responses in ARDS patients and reduce the attachment of the virus to cell surface receptors. This would mean a reduction in infectious particle transmission between individuals and significant alleviation of ARDS symptoms. |
Sterol quality control in utilisation of external sterols under hypoxic stress in yeast
Príjem a metabolizmus externých sterolov počas hypoxického stresu u kvasiniek
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Valachovič Martin PhD. |
| Annotation: | Hypoxic stress significantly affects sterol homeostasis in yeast. The proposed project addresses utilization of exogenous sterols, namely animal cholesterol and plant sterols, as an adaptation to low oxygen conditions. We will focus on the mechanism(s) that cells possess to monitor compatibility of imported sterols and yeast membranes. We named this a ‘sterol quality control‘ concept. Studied will be individual components of sterol import: cell wall proteins, plasma membrane sterol transporters and sterol esterifying enzymes. In a view of the proposed concept, the physical and physiologically relevant membrane properties in which native ergosterol has been replaced by environmental sterols will be analyzed. Since the host sterol uptake contributes to resistance of pathogenic fungi to antimycotics, the project has the potential with respect to the innovation of existing antimycotics as well as development of the new ones. |
Regulation of ryanodine receptors (RYR) from the rat brain under physiological and pathophysiological conditions
Regulácia ryanodínových receptorov (RYR) z mozgu potkana vo fyziologických a patofyziologických podmienkach
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Gaburjáková Marta PhD. |
| Annotation: | The ryanodine receptor (RYR) plays a key role in neuronal Ca2+ signaling that is substantially involved in neurotransmission. In the brain, all three RYR isoforms are expressed that likely complicates study of their function and regulation at the single channel level. Our aim is to reliably recognize individual RYR isoforms using specific functional parameters and assess whether there exist tissue-specific properties of them. Further, we will monitor RYR channels from the rat brain under pathophysiological conditions that will be achieved by stripping FKBP12 (the RYR associated protein) from the channel complex employing the endogenous phosphorylation machinery. For the RYR2 isoform (the dominant one in the brain), we will test our hypothesis about the inhibition effect of dantrolene, which is likely manifested only under some conditions. Our ambition is to understand the molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effect of dantrolene on some neurodegenerative diseases that are linked to RYR dysregulation. |
Monitoring the interconnection of molecular events leading to the development of multidrug resistance in leukemic cells
Sledovanie prepojenia molekulárnych dejov vedúcich k rozvoju viacliekovej rezistencie v leukemických bunkách
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Sulová Zdena DrSc. |
The effect of UV-B radiation on DNA damage and repair mechanisms in the P-glycoprotein-expressing L1210 cell line
Sledovanie vplyvu UV-B žiarenia na poškodenie DNA a reparačných mechanizmov v bunkovej línií L1210 exprimujúcej P-glykoproteín
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Šereš Mário PhD. |
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Špecifické zmeny v expresii niektorých génov zahrnuté v rozvoji rezistencie leukemických buniek voči xenobiotikám
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2023 - 31. 12. 2026 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | prof. Ing. Breier Albert DrSc. |
RNA structural determinant of Alus exonization
Štrukturálne usporiadanie pre-mRNA nevyhnutné pre exonizáciu Alu
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Královičová Jana PhD. |
Study of tetraspanin family proteins in cattle reproduction process
Štúdium proteínov tetraspanínovej rodiny v procese reprodukcie hovädzieho dobytka
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Ing. Jankovičová Jana PhD. |
| Annotation: | Tetraspanins are membrane proteins of various types of somatic cells of many animal species involved in numerous functions. Based on the described expression and functional experiments on mouse gametes, it is clear that they are also involved in the fertilization process. Our analyses confirmed the presence of CD9 and CD81 tetraspanins on bull sperm as well as bovine and porcine oocytes and embryos. Since these proteins act within the complex, so-called tetraspanin web, the aim of this project is to study other molecular partners, whether from the family of tetraspanins or others in terms of their importance in the process of bovine reproduction. The results obtained would not only extend the knowledge in the field of physiology of mammalian reproduction, but could also contribute to the identification of new markers useful in practice, as the reproduction of livestock is an exclusively controlled process. |
The role of phosphatidylglycerol in attenuation of inflammation
Úloha fosfatidylglycerolu v potláčaní zápalu
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Balážová Mária PhD. |
| Annotation: | In the context of current SARS-CoV-2 infections and accompanying pulmonary complications, attention needs to be focused on all aspects of the respiratory system. The virus is causing damage to type II alveolar cells, thus drastically reducing the production of lung surfactant lipids and proteins that are essential for respiration and their secretion into alveolar space. Understanding the defense mechanisms of the lungs plays a crucial role in responding to infection. One of the critical consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The main objective of this project is to contribute to the knowledge about the potential use of valproic acid to induce the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol in the pulmonary surfactant. We hypothesize that intracellularly increased phosphatidylglycerol level could suppress inflammatory responses in our A549 alveolar tumor cell model and similarly in patients with ARDS. |
The role of protein-protein interactions in regulation of the cardiac ryanodine receptor
Úloha proteín-proteínových interakcií v regulácii srdcového ryanodínového receptora
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Gaburjáková Jana PhD. |
| Annotation: | Ca2+ ions, essential for contraction of cardiomyocytes, are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) via the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2), an indispensable component of the excitation-contraction coupling machinery. Function of the RYR2 channel is modified by multiple associated proteins, located on both cytoplasmic and luminal RYR2 faces. The goal of this project is to investigate new aspects of protein-protein interactions involved in RYR2 regulation from the luminal side where calsequestrin (CSQ2) presumably senses and translates changes in luminal Ca2+ to the RYR2 channel. However, the RYR2 channel possesses also intrinsic luminal Ca2+ sensor within its first luminal loop. The physiological roles of such luminal sensors and their co-existence remain to be defined. We will examine what structural changes in CSQ2 induced by Ca2+ are communicated to the RYR2 channel and whether the regulation role of CSQ2 could be replaced by calreticulin, which is overexpressed in the SR in the absence of CSQ2. |
DRPGE - The role of DNA repair proteins in gene repression
Úloha proteínov DNA opravy v génovej represii
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2026 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Bágeľová Poláková Silvia PhD. |
| Annotation: | Eukaryotic cells have evolved two mechanistically distinct pathways to repair double-strand breaks during mitosis: non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). More recently, HR proteins have been shown to play critical roles in maintaining genome integrity during DNA replication. Additionally, our latest research showed that Dbl2 protein along with other HR proteins act in concert with HIRA histone chaperone to assemble repressive chromatin near hard-to-replicate sites. Notably, cells lacking either HR proteins or HIRA factors exhibited increased levels of antisense RNA and RNA from the LTR retrotransposons and subtelomeric genes. Furthermore, the localization of the misregulated genes significantly correlated with repetitive DNA elements such as LTRs. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains largely unknown. In this project, we propose that the observed repression of gene expression is an integral part of the recombination-dependent replication pathway. We postulate that Sap1 binding to LTRs blocks replication fork progression and results in stalled or collapsed replication forks. Collapsed replication forks are remodeled and relocated to nuclear periphery. The relocation of damaged DNA to nuclear periphery can provide an access to a set of factors necessary for particular pathways of DNA repair. At nuclear periphery both imprecise NHEJ and break-induced replication pathways are favored. After the repair, the affected hard-to-replicate sites might be quickly silenced by factors such as HIRA to avoid a toxic gene expression. In this project, we intend to use classical genetics, high-resolution microscopy and advanced methods based on whole genome sequencing such as MNase-seq and ChIP-seq to obtain a more quantitative picture of chromatin dynamics. We believe that the findings of this research will have broad implications to the field of cancer research and cell division. |
Physiopathology of T-type calcium channels in motor neuron function
Úloha T-typu vápnikových kanálov v patofyziológii motorických neurónov
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | dr. Weiss Norbert PhD. |
Optogenetika u s - Examining the role of dopamine and adult neurogenesis in learned behavior of songbirds using optogenetic manipulation
Určenie úlohy dopamínu a neurogenézy v dospelosti pre naučené správanie spevavcov pomocou optogenetickej manipulácie
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Niederová-Kubíková Ľubica PhD. |
| Annotation: | Dopamine signaling and neurogenesis play an important role in structural and functional neuroplasticity in the adult brain. In this project, we focus on the role of the dopaminergic neurotransmission and the role of newborn neurons for the control of learned motor sequences in songbirds. While there are numerous studies about motor sequence learning with external reward such as food, studies that involve internal reward system are rare. The internal reward system has been linked with dopamine signalization, and the songbird vocal learning and production represent a great model for such study since the birdsong comprises sequences of very fast actions. We propose to use the modern technique of optogenetics to manipulate vocal sequences. The optogenetic approach enables precise control of neural activity in a specific brain region in a freely moving animal with millisecond precision. Here we propose to modify dopamine reward signaling to the striatal part of basal ganglia and examine the changes in the song sequence. The results will determine the role of dopamine reward system in birdsong learning. In the second part of the project, we propose to optogenetically manipulate the activity of new neurons incorporated to the brain region necessary for song production. The number of newborn neurons in this region increases at the time when the song structure is more variable and new syllables are integrated to the song. We will find in the project whether new neurons born in adulthood are able to modify the song and whether they enable or contribute to the song variability. |
LEBRE - Multidrug resistance of leukemia cells - Phenotype caused by interference of multimodal molecular reasons
Viaclieková rezistencia u leukemických buniek - fenotyp spôsobený interferenciou viacerých molekulárnych príčin
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2020 - 30. 6. 2024 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Ing. Sulová Zdena DrSc. |
| Annotation: | The multidrug resistance (MDR) of neoplastic cells represents a serious problem in the treatment of cancer. Tumor transformed cells could develop a wide range of defense mechanisms that enable them to escape from apoptosis induced by chemotherapy. In our project, we will focus on research concerning the development and particularly identification of mechanisms involved in resistance of leukemic cells. The most common molecular feature responsible for development of MDR in neoplastic cells represent expressions and transport activity of transporters belonging from the ABC gene family, and particularly the best-known member of this family ABCB1 protein also known as P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Our findings in the previous period has shown that during development of multidrug resistance associated with P-gp overexpression several alterations of processes lead to cell death (such as: response to endoplasmic reticulum stress, deregulation of calcium dependent processes in the intracellular space or induction and progression of programed cell death – apoptosis) could occurred. These alterations are associated with the remodeling of surface proteins and their ubiquitination and glycosylation. These changes, and probably many others, create a complex insight of the molecular changes responsible for the reduced response of leukemia cells to the drugs induced apoptosis. In the current project we will focus to bring novel results important for understanding of the interplay of various molecular changes involved in development of multidrug resistance in leukemia cells. As a model we will use cell sublines obtained by adaption of parental leukemia cells to stressors of endoplasmic reticulum, proteasome inhibitors, hypomethylating agents and vincristine. |
Iron intake and antibiotic resistance in food animal Enterobacterales.
Vychytávanie železa a rezistencia na antibiotiká u Enterobacterales potravinových zvierat.
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2024 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | RNDr. Bujňáková Dobroslava PhD |
| Annotation: | The main objective of the proposed project will be to obtain a new knowledge about the relationship between antibiotic resistance, virulence, ferric ions uptake and biofilm formation on model species of food animal bacteria i. e. Enterobacterales and Escherichia concerning to extraintestinal - ExPEC, avian pathogenic - APEC and verotoxigenic – VTEC Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter. Research will be focused on the most important mechanisms of resistance: plasmid ampicillinases, cephalosporinases, carbapenemases, plasmid resistance to fluoroquinolones and resistance to colistin. Bacterial clonal relatedness and sequence type (ST) of selected Escherichia coli isolates will be also determined. The achieved results will be applicable in bacteriological diagnostic of resistance mechanisms by interpreting reading of minimal inhibitory concentration of antibiotic and in student education. |
Projects total: 57