Project
Institute of Philosophy SAS
International Projects
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| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 1. 7. 2025 |
| Program: | Iné |
| Project leader: | Lamy-Rested Elise PhD. |
Pavel Tichý on Individuals, Roles, and God
Pavel Tichý o indivíduách, rolách a Bohu
| Duration: | 1. 11. 2020 - 1. 8. 2023 |
| Program: | Iné |
| Project leader: | PhDr. Vacek Daniela PhD. |
| Annotation: | Pavel Tichý was one of the philosophers and logicians who, coming from Czechoslovakia, succeeded in the international academic forum. His ambitious project was to analyse the whole conceptual scheme, as related to both natural and formal languages. Given this aim, he devised an impressively complex framework of Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL). The framework has been subsequently elaborated by what can be now called the community of TIL (philosophers, logicians, computer scientists, linguists). Despite this, Tichýʼs work has not received an in-depth analysis in main philosophical journals and TIL has exhausted neither its potential for analysis nor its potential for (academic and public) impact and outreach. Being led by this observation, we aim to extend both of these potentials. In particular, we believe that this framework can provide interesting insights on the Big Questions and on the Ian Ramsey Centre’s special focus. The present project focuses on notions of individuals, roles, and God. TIL has its own peculiar conception of bare individuals (as opposed to, for instance, Lewisian counterpart theories or Meinongian object-based theories) and while Tichý has not provided an explicit analysis of persons and minds, we expect that this research would help shed light on Tichý’s views concerning persons and minds as well. Tichý provided his own ontological proof of the existence of God, which employs the notion of roles (offices). This notion is intriguing on its own right, since it opens several important questions (what kinds of roles there are, what are roles and how are they related to essential properties) and has non-trivial applications in analytic aesthetics (role realism). Another notion relevant to individuals, roles, as well as to Tichýʼs proof is that of requisites. TIL employs the notion of requisites rather than essences. One of the most pressing research questions related to the above issues is whether the extensional, intensional, or hyperintensional level of analysis is required. In TIL, individuals are analysed extensionally; roles and requisites are analysed intensionally. New findings, however, support the view that at least some roles and requisites require stepping one level up, and providing a hyperintensional analysis of roles, requisites, and essences (Miloš Kosterec, ‘On the Essence of Empty Properties’, forthcoming in Synthese; Marie Duží, Bjørn Jespersen and Daniela Glavaničová, ‘Impossible Individuals as Necessarily Empty Individual Concepts’, Forthcoming in Logic in High Definition: Developing Fine-Grained Semantics, Studia Logica Series, Springer.). The above findings provide a starting point for the present project. One of our aims is to explore the connection between requisites and essences, and to develop a plausible account of essences within TIL. As indicated, we will also revisit Tichýʼs conception of the core notions: individuals, roles, and God, and explore how these can be informed by new results related to roles, requisites, and essences. The third issue we will focus on is how Tichýʼs views fare and compare to contemporary discussions in analytic metaphysics. Notably, Tichý corresponded with one of the fathers of conemporary metaphysics, David Lewis, and Lewis' thousands of correspondences are now being published 'in bulk'. It would be worth investigating how these exchanges went, noting that three members of the research team have worked on the philosophy of David Lewis. The fourth crucial aim will be to explore the applications of Tichýʼs roles in analytic aesthetics. While we have used the jargon of TIL in this project description, topics we aim to research are familiar to everyone, as soon as we describe them in ordinary language: individuals find their common examples in persons; roles have their commonplace examples in institutional roles (such as the President of Slovakia, the Queen of the United Kingdom, the Mayor of London, and so forth) and many other roles generated by definite descriptions (such as the humblest person, the winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, the longest novel, and so forth); the familiarity of the notion of God goes probably without saying, but the route from God as construed by Tichý towards the ordinary notion(s) of God is by no means straightforward. |
National Projects
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Fenomenologická noematika a perspektívy fenomenológie III
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Sivák Jozef CSc. |
SYMBOLS - Philosophical Anthropology in the Context of Current Crises of Symbolic Structures
Filozofická antropológia v kontexte súčasných kríz symbolických štruktúr
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2021 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | Stewart Jon PhD., Dr. habil. phil. et theol. |
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K idei ľudských práv: koncepty, problémy , perspektívy
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2020 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | prof. PhDr. Sedová Tatiana CSc. |
| Annotation: | This project investigates the topic of human rights, their concept, and crucial conceptual and argumentative controversies regarding foundation of human rights. Three main aspects of issue are taken in consideration: philosophical, legal and political ones. With respect to the human rights will be studied the notion of person, human dignity and autonomous subject. Respectively cultural diversity and universality of human rights will be identified weakness of liberal doctrine. Tension between idea of universality of human rights and its foundation and different ways of its justification and arguments will be tested. |
POSOHU - The place of Social Sciences and Humanities in in society: Thier limitations and Possibilities
Postavenie sociálnych a humanitných vied v spoločnosti: ich možnosti a limity.
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2019 - 30. 6. 2023 |
| Program: | APVV |
| Project leader: | prof. Dr. Muránsky Martin PhD. |
Slovakia - Central European Perspectives of Thinking
Slovensko-stredoeurópske perspektívy myslenia
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Mgr. Martinkovič Marcel PhD. |
| Annotation: | The submitted project is a continuation of research focused on the problems of establishing and developing new high cultures and on the examination of philosophical and political thinking within them (project Processes of reception of appropriation of ideas in the history of philosophical and political thought in Slovakia). The aim of the project is to probe the philosophical-political and cultural disputes among elites within the Central Europe region, which is defined by the territory of the former Habsburg monarchy and its successor states. Philosophical, literary and political disputes in these states were limited by the processes of institutionalization of the individual culturally defined nations, particularly in the 19th and 20th centuries. The project authors in the individual stages of research will focus on particular analyses of the individual philosophical-political and intellectual discourses that framed the processes of cultural modernization and democratization. In terms of time the project will have the character of a multidimensional study. |
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Technical Life
| Duration: | 1. 7. 2022 - 30. 6. 2025 |
| Program: | SASPRO |
| Project leader: | Lamy-Rested Elise PhD. |
| Annotation: | This project aims to redefine the link between life and techniques by showing how life, and not Human, is the producer of techniques. It is thus a question of getting away from a double contradictory interpretation, which in fact comes from the same philosophical tradition: either Human must regain control of Techniques of which he is the inventor as a rational being, or Human is reducible to biological-mechanical processes of which Techniques would be only the expression. From this point of view, it would then be advisable to maximize human performances and to control them by using techniques. This project proposes to get out of this contradiction. It will thus seek another relationship between life and techniques, which is based neither on the idea that Human who makes techniques escapes for a part from the life shared by all the other living beings nor on that of a life entirely reducible to mechanisms. We will build a thought of “technical life” at the crossroads of philosophy and anthropology. |
Tasks of Political Philosophy in the Context of Anthropocene
Úlohy politickej filozofie v kontexte antropocénu
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2021 - 31. 12. 2023 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | doc. Mgr. Sťahel Richard PhD. |
| Annotation: | The aim of the project is to elaborate complex methodology of political and economic depiction of conditions which the inhabitable sphere of the Earth now, is or is expected to be in. This methodology will be a base for classification and normativity comparison of ideas about possible actions amidst environmental crises. Project calculates upon a hypothesis not considering national state, supranational unions, or global community to be the fundamental methodological horizon for choice, formation, and realization of political interventions, but Earth as a geophysical entity. Hence, it examines a hypothesis that claims that political philosophy in Anthropocene will have to be also the environmental philosophy. The influence of media on perception of global environmental crisis is crucial for gaining a democratic agreement on the measures necessary to parry the collapse of environmental systems providing support for sustaining life. The project will deal with the newest findings of media theory or media philosophy. |
Responsibility and Modal Logic
Zodpovednosť a modálna logika
| Duration: | 1. 1. 2022 - 31. 12. 2025 |
| Program: | VEGA |
| Project leader: | Pascucci Matteo PhD. |
Projects total: 10