Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Electronic Library of Scientific Literature
Volume 44 / No. 12 / 1996
Ivan PRACHÁR
The subject of the paper is the analysis of the connection between the
Slovak economy disequilibrium and the transformation if its system. A question
is raised concerning deepening the economic disequilibrium in the transformation
process. The conclusions on the disequilibrium deepening are based on the
analysis of the indicators such as depreciation, economic returns, cost
profitability and profit rate, interest and interest rate, as well as upon
the change of individual industries position assessed by labour productivity
and production decrease.
Deepening of the disequilibrium of the Slovak economy basically change
conditions of its revival. The role of these conditions is played primarily
by the inevitability to match costs and prices, this being the prerequisite
of hindering further decapitalization of production, of resolving the problems
of debt among enterprises having the form of insolvency within production
sphere and indebtedness of production sphere with respect to banking sphere.
Even a partial analysis of present positions of individual industries of
the economy shows the diversity from position that enable growth of the
economy working under the conditions of market economy environment that
comprise its internal and external relations. In this connection a deteriorated
position of manufacturing industries is stated and that of engineering
industry especially.
Dana TKÁČOVÁ
Banking reconstruction is a process that has began in 1989 having its
foundation in the laws No 130/1989 Coll. and 158/1989 Coll.
Under the notion of banking reconstructions the significant changes in
banking are meant primarily concerning changes in ownership, position of
banks in the economy, new forms of banking, development of new products
and others.
The most significant change that occured under the given laws, was the
demonopolization of commercial banking, the core of which is the process
of gradual diminishing of the role of state in the commercial banks activity.
The process of gradual demonopolization - the first stage of banking reconstruction
in the Czechoslovak Federal Republic - began by separation of the Czechoslovak
State Bank (ŠBČS) into a bank of issue and three commercial banks.
Another landmark of the development and reconstruction of our banking meant
the enactment of the law No. 21/1991 Coll. on banks and No. 22/1991 Coll.
on ŠBČS (Czechoslovak State Bank) that gave a legislative framework to
the activities of the bank of issue and commercial banks.
The third stage in the development of banking in Slovakia was establishment
of the Slovak Republic. Under the law No. 566/1992 Coll. National Bank
of Slovakia was founded as a bank of issue of the newly created state.
The basic role of the Bank was to create and stabilize currency, to establish
economic and entrepreneurial milieu for the system of commercial banks.
The third stage of Slovak banking reconstruction is characterized by the
fact that, evidently, the banking sector has already resolved the problems
of creating a structural banking system (duble-level system, respectively),
in realization of which the extensive elements of growth were applied.
Because of the fact that the system of commercial banks seems to be institutionally
saturated the banking units start to orientate towards intensification
factors of growth.
Jana GAŠPARÍKOVÁ
The author deals with the topic management and the impact of technology on the concept of management. In the time of transition accompanied by uncertainity it is necessary to understand management and new concept of technology (linked with managerial and organizational changes) in terms of change understood as the challenge. In this sense is very important and consequent to use the concept of management of changes as the concept of management of human recources asking for new organizational and managerial changes. But in order to understand all these changes it is necessary to depict the system changes as the fundaments of socioeconomic transformation in Slovakia.
Jaroslav KITA
Relationships between marketing and design are to be viewed from a broader
aspect of the process of modern society consumption, which is constantly
exposed to questions discussed by both, those consuming and those producing.
In order to win customers, the enterprise has to apply the marketing thinking
and design as fundamental sources of the enterprise competitiveness.
Common goals of marketing an design in the enterprise suggest that these
activities ought to be organized rather in a horizontal than hierarchal
way. Though some enterprises do even now attempt to realize the design
on an hierarchy basis, significance of the product, plans that came to
fulfilment, investments etc. are changing according to the stance of who
intervenes in the course of individual phases.
Not regarding the organizational structure (be it functional, divisional),
the product requires co-operative ties in an enterprise. We might say that
a product is beyond the organizational structure and that marketing, design,
communication and sales are equivalent and interconnected in full rights,
mutually supporting and they operate through their synergic effect.
Marian GÚČIK
Tourism is taken for a form of consumption, i.e. the way of meeting
specific needs connected with travelling and staying in different environment
than a current one and in free time usually.
From the point of view of national economy the satisfaction of needs in
tourism is equivalent to heterogeneous set of services. Structure of services
is formed by two subsystems: subject of tourism and object of tourism which
are in mutual interaction.
A unified system of information on demand and supply in tourist industry
is needed not only for theory but for practice as well; the system must
fulfil the decision-making requirements of both the state and local levels
of government, business entities and, last but not least, the tourists
themselves. The aim is to suggest a marketing information system for tourist
industry as a starting point for creating market conceptions of enterpreneurial
entities, especially tourist centres, regions and the whole country as
a tourist target. Marketing information system in tourism has got a specific,
cross-sectional character and its creation stems in information flow od
data on supply and demand in tourist industry.
From the point of view of data basis the differenciated tourist data are
the matter, and their set must be organized and arranged in such a way
that they might provide complete, exact and relevant information in time,
be able to adjust to conditions and meet the users' needs. Data bank enables
to fulfil these requirements.