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Tvorba bakteriálnych nanotrubíc ako „post mortem“ prejav stresovanej bunky

11. 12. 2022 | videné 212-krát

Bakteriálne nanotrubice boli objavené už pred desiatimi rokmi. K unikátnym schopnostiam týchto nanotrubíc boli pripísané procesy, ako sú prenos DNA, RNA a bielkovín medzi bunkami rôznych baktérií, ako aj „upírske“ vysatie živín z eukaryotickej bunky. Výsledky sú vo veľkom protiklade s predtým publikovanými zisteniami. Ukázalo sa, že nanotrubice v princípe vznikajú z každej bunky, keď sa použijú rôzne stresové faktory, napríklad tlak, alebo sa vystavia pôsobeniu antibiotík. Bakteriálna bunková stena dokáže vnútri bunky udržiavať tlak až dvadsať atmosfér. Ak však dôjde buď mechanicky, alebo pôsobením antibiotík k narušeniu steny, ďalšie udržanie takého veľkého tlaku nie je možné. Tento tlak zapríčiní doslova „vystrelenie“ cytoplazmatickej membrány vo forme nanotrubice do vonkajšieho prostredia cez vzniknuté otvory v bunkovej stene. Dôležitým zistením bolo, že práve v okamihu, keď bunka „vystrelí“ nanotrubicu, bunka zomiera. To znamená, že tvorba nanotrubíc nie je riadený biologický proces, ale „post mortem“ prejav stresovanej bunky.

Ústav molekulárnej biológie SAV

Riešitelia: Imrich Barák, Katarína Muchová Projekty: VEGA 2/0007/17, APVV-18-0104

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