In: Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, vol. 66, no. 1
Michal Jenicek - Hana Pevna - Ondrej Matejka
Detaily:
Rok, strany: 2018, 43 - 54
O článku:
The knowledge of snowpack distribution at a catchment scale is important to predict the snowmelt runoff. The
objective of this study is to select and quantify the most important factors governing the snowpack distribution, with special
interest in the role of different canopy structure. We applied a simple distributed sampling design with measurement
of snow depth and snow water equivalent (SWE) at a catchment scale. We selected eleven predictors related to character
of specific localities (such as elevation, slope orientation and leaf area index) and to winter meteorological conditions
(such as irradiance, sum of positive air temperature and sum of new snow depth). The forest canopy structure was described
using parameters calculated from hemispherical photographs. A degree-day approach was used to calculate melt
factors. Principal component analysis, cluster analysis and Spearman rank correlation were applied to reduce the number
of predictors and to analyze measured data. The SWE in forest sites was by 40% lower than in open areas, but this value
depended on the canopy structure. The snow ablation in large openings was on average almost two times faster compared
to forest sites. The snow ablation in the forest was by 18% faster after forest defoliation (due to the bark beetle). The results
from multivariate analyses showed that the leaf area index was a better predictor to explain the SWE distribution
during accumulation period, while irradiance was better predictor during snowmelt period. Despite some uncertainty, parameters
derived from hemispherical photographs may replace measured incoming solar radiation if this meteorological
variable is not available.
Ako citovať:
ISO 690:
Jenicek, M., Pevna, H., Matejka, O. 2018. Canopy structure and topography effects on snow distribution at a catchment
scale: Application of multivariate approaches. In Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, vol. 66, no.1, pp. 43-54. 0042-790X (until 2019) .
APA:
Jenicek, M., Pevna, H., Matejka, O. (2018). Canopy structure and topography effects on snow distribution at a catchment
scale: Application of multivariate approaches. Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics, 66(1), 43-54. 0042-790X (until 2019) .