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Two fractions of biochar: <125 μm (left) and 125 μm–2 mm (right) used in research in sandy soil (photo: Toková, 2023)

Biochar helps soil hold water

17. 12. 2024 | 115 visits

Institute of Hydrology SAS researches biochar as a potential tool in adapting to climate change. Biochar is an organic material that has multiple uses. SAS hydrologists are investigating its impact on changes in the soil's hydrophysical properties, which should be manifested in a higher retention (water-holding) capacity of the soil over time.

"Our results showed that the application of biochar changed the hydrophysical properties of the control sandy soil, which was manifested by an increase in available plant water content (AWC) and a decrease in saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks). These two hydrophysical properties of the soil are crucial for longer water retention. Statistical analysis revealed that AWC and Ks were influenced by three investigated factors - the size of biochar particles, application dose and pyrolysis temperature," explains Justína Vitková from the Institute of Hydrology SAS.

Adding a higher application dose of biochar to the sandy soil caused an increase in the accessible water content and a decrease in the saturated hydraulic conductivity. The effectiveness of biochar as an additive to sandy soil depends on its application rate, particle size and pyrolysis temperature.

"Biochar can reduce the amount of water needed for irrigation, which is an important aspect in adapting to climate change, especially in times of drought. Nevertheless, further research is needed to understand the effect of biochar application in climates with long periods of heat and drought, which can promote the development of water repellency of the soil," adds the scientist.

In addition to improving the hydrophysical properties of sandy soil, the conversion of biomass into biochar and its subsequent deposition in the soil is considered a promising strategy for reducing the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and mitigating climate change by increasing short-term carbon sequestration.

 

Source and contact person: Justína Vitková, vitkova@uh.savba.sk, tel. 0902 332 309