Electronic Library of Scientific Literature



FILOZOFIA


Volume 51 / No. 3 / 1996



PREHODNOTENIE PRAVDY U FRIEDRICHA NIETZSCHEHO

Friedrich Nietzsche’s Revaluation of Values

JAN STEKLAC, Katedra filozofie a teorie nabozenstva EBF UK, Bratislava

F. Nietzsche is known as an opponent of the Western Platonic Christian ethical tradition. Less known is his contribution in noetics and axiology, as his commentaries on those problems remained unpublished during his lifetime, although more attention was paid by him to the problem of Truth than to that of morals. In these works Nietzsche revaluates the concept of the Absulute Truth as the ultimate source of old values, i. e. of the „ascetic ideal“. The paper shows Nietzsche’s coming to terms with the Platonic ideal as the source of the absolute morality and with some representative noetic conceptions. It deals also with his conception of relative truth, based on the fundamental probabilities and on an inspirative theory of perspectivity revived for example in Ortega y Gasset’s philosophy and in postmodernism.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p. 153


NEKONECNA NEPOCHOPITELNOST ANJELSKEJ MYSLE

Infinite Incomprehensibility of the Angels’ Minds

ROBERT KONRAD, Filozoficky ustav SAV, Bratislava

The paper is an attempt at a logical justification of the theological dogma concerning the incomprehensibility of angelic intelect for human minds. Descartes’ concept of mind, which is constituted by its own thinking, excludes the possibility of interlocutor and of any relations to the material objects. The thinking of an isolated mind is necessarily of a solipsistic nature, having no independent means for the verification of the regularity of the rule-governed applications of concept. To eliminate the solipsism stemming from private rules the condition of the public, intersubjective discourse allowing for the adjustment and correction of rules of speech has to be introduced. The condition of intersubjectivity alone is not sufficient to establish the re-gular speech. An external, systematically ordered network of material objects allowing for the unique descriptions and refferences is needed. The pre-predicative facti-city of the material world and the biological make-up of the species Homo Sapiens are among the logical presuppositions of an intelligible language. Cartesian and angelic minds, lacking human phenomenology of experience, are from human point of view primarily incomprehensible. This seems to support the doctrine of the Great Chain of Beings and to require the elimination of Cartesian-like models of human mind in social sciences.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p. 161


DRUHY – ZAKLADNI POJEM FILOSOFIE EMMANUELA LEVINASE

„The Other“ – The Fundamental Concept in the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas.

DITA RUKRIGLOVA, Katedra filozofie FF UP JS, Presov

The paper draws from Lévinas fundamental ideas, as well as from other „dialogue philosophers“ (e.g. M. Buber, F. Rosenzweig, G. Marcel, E. Fromm). It outlines the wide impact which phenomenology and judaism exerted on the origins of a philosophy, which is a defence of exterirority, and which puts one of its leaders (i.e. E. Lévinas) in the position opposite to Parmenides and Hegel. The paper discusses the menaning of Lévinas concept „The Other“, which is seen as the exterirority par excellence.
FILOZOFIA 51, 1996, No 3, p.